Expert Answers

From Mayo Clinic to your inbox

Sign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. Click here for an email preview.

We use the data you provide to deliver you the content you requested. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, we may combine your email and website data with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, we will only use your protected health information as outlined in our Notice of Privacy Practices. You may opt out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the email.

Feb. 11, 2023

See also

  1. ​Self-care for fatty liver disease (MASLD)
  2. 6 tips to manage rheumatoid arthritis symptoms
  3. A leaky tricuspid valve
  4. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
  5. Acute sinusitis
  6. Acute sinusitis: Do over-the-counter treatments help?
  7. Addison's disease
  8. Adenocarcinoma: How this type of cancer affects prognosis
  9. Amyloidosis
  10. Anaphylaxis: First aid
  11. Anemia
  12. Angina
  13. Anorexia nervosa
  14. Anthrax
  15. Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it?
  16. Antidepressants: Can they stop working?
  17. Anxiety and diet
  18. Anxiety disorders
  19. Aortic calcification: An early sign of heart valve problems?
  20. Aortic valve regurgitation
  21. Aortic valve stenosis
  22. ARDS
  23. Artificial sweeteners: Any effect on blood sugar?
  24. Ascariasis
  25. Aspergillosis
  26. At-home colon cancer tests
  27. Atrial septal defect (ASD)
  28. Atypical antidepressants
  29. Biliary tract cancer: Should I get a second opinion?
  30. Bipolar disorder
  31. Bipolar disorder and alcoholism: Are they related?
  32. Bipolar disorder in children: Is it possible?
  33. Blastocystis hominis
  34. Blood sugar testing: Why, when and how
  35. Blood tests for heart disease
  36. Bone cancer
  37. Brain tumor
  38. Can vitamins help prevent a heart attack?
  39. Cancer blood tests: Lab tests used in cancer diagnosis
  40. Cancer causes: Popular myths about the causes of cancer
  41. Cancer fatigue: Why it occurs and how to cope
  42. Cancer pain: Relief is possible
  43. Cancer survival rate: What it means for your prognosis
  44. Cardiac asthma: What causes it?
  45. Celiac disease
  46. Chelation therapy for heart disease: Does it work?
  47. Chemo brain
  48. Chronic kidney disease
  49. Chronic kidney disease: Is a clinical trial right for me?
  50. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  51. Chronic sinusitis
  52. Churg-Strauss syndrome
  53. Coconut oil: Can it cure hypothyroidism?
  54. Cold symptoms: Does drinking milk increase phlegm?
  55. Colon Cancer Family Registry
  56. Common cold
  57. Concussion
  58. Concussion in children
  59. Craving and chewing ice: A sign of anemia?
  60. Crohn's Crisis
  61. Crohn's disease and the gut microbiome
  62. Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma
  63. Dermatomyositis
  64. Diabetes and exercise: When to monitor your blood sugar
  65. Diabetes and heat
  66. Diabetes care: 10 ways to avoid complications
  67. Diabetes foods: Can I substitute honey for sugar?
  68. Diabetes management: How lifestyle, daily routine affect blood sugar
  69. Diabetes treatment: Medications for type 2 diabetes
  70. Diabetes treatment: Using insulin to manage blood sugar
  71. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  72. Dilated cardiomyopathy
  73. Do zinc supplements shorten colds?
  74. Does stress make rheumatoid arthritis worse?
  75. Drummer Beats Heart Disease
  76. Dumping syndrome
  77. Early HIV symptoms: What are they?
  78. Ebstein anomaly
  79. ED Drugs for Pulmonary Hypertension
  80. Effectively managing chronic kidney disease
  81. Endometriosis FAQs
  82. Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly)
  83. Esophageal cancer
  84. Ewing sarcoma
  85. Explaining multiple sclerosis
  86. Fatty liver disease (MASLD) diet
  87. Fertility preservation: Understand your options before cancer treatment
  88. Fibromyalgia
  89. Flu shot: Your best bet for avoiding influenza
  90. Flu shots: Especially important if you have heart disease
  91. Flu vaccine: Safe for people with egg allergy?
  92. Follicular lymphoma
  93. Gaucher disease
  94. Genetics and Cardiomyopathy
  95. GI Stents
  96. Glycemic index: A helpful tool for diabetes?
  97. Grass-fed beef
  98. Hairy cell leukemia
  99. Healthy Heart for Life!
  100. Heart attack
  101. Heart attack prevention: Should I avoid secondhand smoke?
  102. Heart attack symptoms: Know what's a medical emergency
  103. Heart Attack Timing
  104. Heart disease
  105. Heart disease in women: Understand symptoms and risk factors
  106. Heart failure
  107. Heart failure action plan
  108. Heat exhaustion
  109. Heavy periods: Can folic acid help?
  110. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C: What's the difference?
  111. Hepatitis C
  112. Hepatitis C: What happens in end-stage liver disease?
  113. Herbal treatment for anxiety: Is it effective?
  114. High-dose flu vaccines: How are they different from other flu vaccines?
  115. High-dose vitamin C: Can it kill cancer cells?
  116. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma
  117. Hirschsprung's disease
  118. Hodgkin lymphoma (Hodgkin disease)
  119. Hodgkin vs. non-Hodgkin lymphoma: What's the difference?
  120. How do I reduce fatigue from rheumatoid arthritis?
  121. How kidneys work
  122. Hypercalcemia
  123. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)
  124. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  125. Hyponatremia
  126. Hypoparathyroidism
  127. Hypopituitarism
  128. Hypothermia
  129. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
  130. Hypothyroidism and joint pain?
  131. Hypothyroidism: Can calcium supplements interfere with treatment?
  132. Influenza (flu)
  133. Infographic: Multiple Myeloma
  134. Infographic: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
  135. Insomnia: How do I stay asleep?
  136. Insulin and weight gain: Keep the pounds off
  137. Is there a special diet for Crohn's disease?
  138. Jack Long — Live LONG - Beat STRONG to find a cure
  139. Jet lag disorder
  140. Kidney Cancer
  141. Kidney cancer FAQs
  142. Kidney disease FAQs
  143. Lack of sleep: Can it make you sick?
  144. LADA
  145. Lead poisoning
  146. Listeria infection
  147. Liver cancer
  148. Liver disease: How medications can harm the liver
  149. Long Term Brain Cancer Survivor
  150. Low blood cell counts: Side effects of cancer treatment
  151. Low blood sodium in older adults: A concern?
  152. Low-phosphorus diet: Helpful for kidney disease?
  153. Lyme disease
  154. Lymphoma
  155. Lymphoma FAQs
  156. Male depression: Understanding the issues
  157. Male hypogonadism
  158. Mayo Clinic Minute: Will there be a Lyme disease vaccine for humans?
  159. Medications for liver failure
  160. Mental health providers: Tips on finding one
  161. Mental health: Overcoming the stigma of mental illness
  162. Mental illness
  163. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
  164. Mitral valve overview
  165. Mitral valve regurgitation
  166. Multiple myeloma
  167. Multiple sclerosis FAQs
  168. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)
  169. Mumps
  170. Myelodysplastic syndromes
  171. Natural remedies for depression: Are they effective?
  172. Neti pot: Can it clear my nose?
  173. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  174. NSAIDs: Do they increase my risk of heart attack and stroke?
  175. Omega-6 fatty acids
  176. Palliative care for biliary tract cancer
  177. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  178. Parvovirus infection
  179. Pericarditis
  180. Peritoneal carcinomatosis
  181. Peritonitis
  182. Petroleum jelly: Safe for a dry nose?
  183. PICC line placement
  184. Pituitary tumors
  185. Plague
  186. Polio
  187. Polypill: Does it treat heart disease?
  188. Postpartum depression
  189. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
  190. Prescription sleeping pills: What's right for you?
  191. Prostate cancer recurrence
  192. Pulmonary atresia
  193. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
  194. Pulmonary hypertension
  195. Pulmonary valve stenosis
  196. Reactive hypoglycemia: What can I do?
  197. Rectal cancer
  198. Red wine and resveratrol: Good for your heart?
  199. Rhabdomyolysis
  200. Rheumatoid arthritis
  201. Rheumatoid arthritis: Can it affect the lungs?
  202. Rheumatoid arthritis: Does pregnancy affect symptoms?
  203. Robotic heart surgery treats mitral regurgitation: Ed's story
  204. Sarcoidosis
  205. Self-care for the flu
  206. Shingles
  207. Shingles vaccine: Can I transmit the vaccine virus to others?
  208. Shingles vaccine: Should I get it?
  209. Sick sinus syndrome
  210. Silent heart attack
  211. Sinus headaches
  212. Sinus infection and toothache: Any connection?
  213. Small lymphocytic lymphoma
  214. Smallpox
  215. Test anxiety: Can it be treated?
  216. Thalassemia
  217. The dawn phenomenon: What can you do?
  218. Thyroid disease: Can it affect a person's mood?
  219. Thyroid peroxidase antibody test: What is it?
  220. Tips to make your mornings easier
  221. Treating Pericarditis
  222. Treatment options for biliary tract cancer
  223. Tricuspid valve regurgitation
  224. Tuberculosis
  225. Type 1 diabetes FAQs
  226. Type 1 diabetes in children
  227. Type 2 diabetes
  228. Typhoid fever
  229. Ulcerative colitis vs. Crohn's disease
  230. Understanding complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G)
  231. VEXAS syndrome
  232. Video: Heart and circulatory system
  233. Video: Septal myectomy and apical myectomy
  234. Vitamin B-12 and depression
  235. Vitamin deficiency anemia
  236. Vitamins for MS: Do supplements make a difference?
  237. Von Willebrand disease
  238. Walking pneumonia
  239. What is biliary tract cancer?
  240. What is cirrhosis? A Mayo Clinic expert explains
  241. What is Crohn's disease? A Mayo Clinic expert explains
  242. What is kidney cancer? An expert explains
  243. What is kidney disease? An expert explains
  244. What is stomach cancer? A Mayo Clinic expert explains
  245. What is type 1 diabetes? A Mayo Clinic expert explains
  246. What is ulcerative colitis? A Mayo Clinic expert explains
  247. White stool: Should I be concerned?
  248. Whooping cough
  249. Whooping cough
  250. Why isn't there a hepatitis C vaccine?