腿痛可能连续发生,或者时有时无。腿痛可能会突然发作,或一段时间后加重。腿痛可能影响到整条腿,也可能局限于特定部位,如胫部或膝盖。腿痛可能在特定时间有所加重,例如夜间或清晨起床时。腿痛可能在活动时加重,休息后则有所缓解。腿痛可能如同刀割、锐痛、钝痛、酸痛或刺痛。

有些腿痛只是令人觉得有些麻烦,但更严重的腿痛可能会影响行走或增加腿部负重。

腿痛这种症状有很多潜在诱因。大多数腿痛是由磨损或过度使用所造成,也可能是由关节、骨骼、肌肉、韧带、肌腱、神经或其他软组织的损伤或健康状况而引发。某些类型的腿痛甚至可追溯至脊柱下段问题。腿痛也可能是由血凝块、曲张静脉或循环不良所致。

腿痛的一些常见原因包括:

关节炎

血液流动问题

骨骼状况

感染

受伤

神经问题

肌肉状况

其他问题

如果出现以下情况,请立即寻求医疗救助或前往急诊室:

  • 腿部受伤,伤口很深或骨头或肌腱外露。
  • 无法行走或腿部不能负重。
  • 小腿疼痛、肿胀、发红或温热。
  • 腿部受伤时听到破裂声或摩擦声。

如果出现以下情况,请尽快就医:

  • 感染症状,如发红、温热或压痛,或发热超过 37.8 ℃(100 ℉)。
  • 一侧腿肿胀、苍白或异常发冷。
  • 小腿肚疼痛,尤其久坐后,如长途汽车旅行或坐飞机后。
  • 双腿肿胀伴呼吸问题。
  • 任何没有明显原因的严重腿部症状。

如果您出现以下情况,请与医务人员约诊:

  • 行走期间或之后疼痛。
  • 双腿肿胀。
  • 疼痛加重。
  • 居家治疗数天后,症状无改善。
  • 痛性静脉曲张。

自我护理

轻度腿痛通常居家治疗后会有好转。为缓解轻度疼痛和肿胀,可采取以下做法:

  • 尽量不触碰腿部。然后按照医务人员的建议开始轻度使用和拉伸肘部。
  • 坐着或躺着时,将腿抬高。
  • 将一个冰袋或一袋冰冻豌豆置于疼痛部位上 15 分钟至 20 分钟,一天三次。

尝试使用非处方止痛药。乳膏、贴片和凝胶等外用皮肤产品可能会有帮助。这包括含薄荷醇、利多卡因或双氯芬酸钠的产品(Voltaren Arthritis Pain)。此外,还可尝试使用口服止痛药,如对乙酰氨基酚(Tylenol 等)、布洛芬(Advil、Motrin IB 等)或萘普生钠 (Aleve)。

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