生存率

如果您被诊断出患有肝细胞癌,您可能首先想知道的一件事就是这种癌症的生存率。要得出生存率,需要在一定时期内对一大群具有相同诊断的患者进行随访。癌症生存率通常说明在癌症确诊五年后,该人群中仍存活的百分比。

美国国家癌症研究所给出了所有肝癌的生存率。其中包括肝细胞癌患者以及肝内胆管癌(发生在肝脏内胆管中的癌症)患者。使用这些数据,根据癌症范围给出生存率。

  • 局限性肝癌,即癌症仅存在于肝脏中,其五年生存率约为 38%。这意味着每 100 名被诊断出患有此病的人中,预计约有 38 人在诊断五年后仍然存活。
  • 区域性肝癌,即癌症可能已经扩散到附近淋巴结,其五年生存率约为 13%。
  • 远处肝癌,即癌症已经扩散到身体其他部位,也被称为转移性肝癌。五年生存率约为 4%。

这些数字包括患有不同类型肝癌和接受不同治疗的患者,其中也包括一些未接受治疗的患者。请记住,这些数字是基于五年多前确诊的患者。这些患者可能没有接触过最新治疗方法。

肝细胞癌生存率可以帮助您了解与您情况类似者的预后。但生存率并不能说明您能否被治愈。要最清晰、最全面地了解您的前景,请咨询医护团队。医护团队了解您的整体健康状况,可以给出更具个性化的预后。

医护团队在决定预后时会考虑许多因素,包括:

  • 癌症部位的大小。 一处或是几处小癌变的预后较好,因为可能更容易通过手术切除。
  • 肝脏受累的程度。 如果癌症累及大部分肝脏,则预后较差。
  • 肝脏的功能状况。 良好的肝功能可带来更好的预后。

能够通过手术完全切除的小肝细胞癌很有可能治愈,尤其是在剩余肝脏健康的情况下。在这种情况下,五年生存率可高达 90%。对于同时患有肝病的患者,肝移植也可以治愈癌症。研究发现,移植后的五年生存率为 75% 或更高。

肝癌的生长速度往往很快。许多患者的身体状况可能不适合手术,或者其癌症无法通过手术切除。在这些情况下,生存至少五年的几率较低。

巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期系统是肝细胞癌的常用分期系统,其中包括该癌症患者预期寿命的一般估算。这些预期寿命数字可让医护团队根据癌症分期,了解患者在治疗后预计可存活多长时间。

  • 0 期患者的预期寿命超过五年。
  • A 期患者的预期寿命超过五年。
  • B 期患者如果采用肝移植,则预期寿命超过五年。如果不适合移植,局部疗法的预期寿命超过 2.5 年。药物治疗的预期寿命超过两年。
  • C 期患者的预期寿命超过两年。
  • D 期患者的预期寿命为 3 个月。
Dec. 30, 2025
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