潜在的副作用是否意味着银屑病患者可以避免接种疫苗?
疫苗可以预防严重的可预防疾病。通过遵循美国疾病控制和预防中心建议的疫苗接种时间表,大多数儿童和成年人都能受益于这些保护性益处,将健康风险降至最低。但是,如果您患有银屑病,您可能需要与医生更紧密地联系,因为您的疫苗接种可能会较为复杂。
例如,对于一些银屑病患者,注射疫苗可能会增加注射部位银屑病发作的风险。这叫做同形反应或科布内现象。如果您的免疫系统已经因银屑病而超负荷工作,又急于治愈注射所导致的伤口,就可能发生这种现象。出现同形反应时,任何皮肤创伤,从晒伤到手术伤口,都可能导致受伤部位形成银屑病斑块。
另外,如果您正在服用或计划服用会改变或削弱免疫系统的药物(包括甲氨蝶呤或生物制剂),鼻喷流感疫苗和其他一些活疫苗可能对您并不安全。活疫苗是用减毒(灭毒)的实际病毒制成的。像所有疫苗一样,活疫苗可以帮助您的免疫系统产生抗体,抗体可帮助您的身体抵抗感染。但是,当您的免疫系统受到抑制时,暴露于活病毒可能会导致疫苗旨在预防的感染。
医生可以帮助您考虑接触活病毒引起严重感染的风险以及皮肤注射引起的同形反应的风险。在这类情况下,适合您的选择将取决于您当前的健康状况和医疗情况。
专家们一致认为,对银屑病患者来说,接种疫苗潜在的挽救生命之益处远远大于其风险。已知悉某些治疗银屑病的药物(例如甲氨蝶呤,环孢霉素或生物制剂)会增加危险感染的风险。遵照建议的疫苗接种时间表可能会使您的风险降低。但重要的是向医生咨询正确的疫苗接种时间表。
Jan. 03, 2019
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