星形细胞瘤

预约门诊

生存率

不同等级星形细胞瘤的生存率分别是多少？

  • 1 级，又称毛细胞型星形细胞瘤，通常可以手术治愈。五年生存率约为 96%。
  • 2 级，又称弥漫性星形细胞瘤，中位生存期约为 7 至 8 年。
  • 3 级，又称间变性星形细胞瘤，中位生存期约为 5 年。
  • 4 级，又称胶质母细胞瘤，中位生存期约为 14 至 15 个月。

IDH 突变状态对预期寿命有何影响？

  • 与 IDH 野生型肿瘤相比，IDH 突变型肿瘤患者的生存期更长，对治疗的响应也更好。
  • 对于 2 级肿瘤，IDH1 基因突变患者的生存期明显更长，且其预后优于 IDH 野生型患者。

儿童毛细胞型星形细胞瘤的预后如何？

儿童毛细胞型星形细胞瘤（1 级）生长缓慢，通常可通过手术治愈。五年生存率约为 96%。

间变性星形细胞瘤（3 级）：与延长生存期相关的因素

部分间变性星形细胞瘤（3 级）患者的生存期远超平均 5 年的生存期。总体而言，IDH 突变型肿瘤患者若较年轻、术后恢复良好并接受化疗与放疗联合治疗，最有可能实现长期生存。

以下因素有助于改善结局：

  • 更彻底的肿瘤切除。 如果外科医生能够安全切除大部分或全部肿瘤，患者往往能够获得更长的生存期。切除的具体范围常常对预后产生重大影响。
  • 联合治疗。 对于高级别肿瘤，手术后采用放疗和化疗可获得最佳生存率。
  • 有利的肿瘤遗传特征。 具有某些基因突变（如 IDH 或 MGMT 基因突变）的肿瘤往往生长更慢，对治疗的响应也更好。
  • 年龄较轻且整体健康状况良好。 确诊时年龄较轻且神经系统症状较少的患者，预后通常更好。

星形细胞瘤的治疗方法因人而异。通常首选手术治疗，随后根据肿瘤的等级和基因特征决定进行放疗和/或化疗。部分患者还可能接受靶向治疗。可尽早启动支持性护理（也称姑息治疗），以控制症状、保证生活质量。基因靶向药物和免疫疗法等新的治疗方案正在临床试验中进行验证，未来有望带来更多治疗选择。

申请预约
诊断与治疗医生与科室
Nov. 07, 2025

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