神经母细胞瘤

预约门诊

生存率

如果您的孩子被诊断出患有神经母细胞瘤，您最先关心的事情之一可能就是这种癌症的生存率。生存率数据来自对大量确诊相同疾病的患者进行的一段时间的追踪观察。

神经母细胞瘤的生存率可以让您了解与您孩子情况相似的儿童的预期寿命和预后，但生存率无法判断您的孩子是否能被治愈。

要最清晰、最全面地了解您孩子的预后情况，请与孩子的医护团队沟通。医护团队了解您孩子的整体健康状况，能够给出更个性化的预后评估。尽管如此，许多家长仍希望了解生存率，以便对可能出现的情况有一定认识。

神经母细胞瘤生存率

神经母细胞瘤的生存率按风险类别给出。这与其他癌症（通常按癌症分期给出生存率）不同。

医护团队会根据癌症分期、癌细胞实验室检测结果及孩子的年龄来确定风险类别。风险类别可帮助医护团队判断癌症在治疗后复发的风险是低、中等还是高。

不同风险类别的生存率存在差异。

  • 低风险神经母细胞瘤的 5 年总生存率约为 98%。这意味着，每 100 名被诊断为低风险神经母细胞瘤的儿童中，预计约有 98 人在确诊后 5 年仍能存活。该风险类别中的大多数神经母细胞瘤为局限性肿瘤，即癌症仅影响身体的一个部位。
  • 中等风险神经母细胞瘤的 5 年总生存率约为 96%。该风险类别包括区域性神经母细胞瘤，即癌症的生长已超出其初始发生部位。部分已扩散的癌症（称为转移性神经母细胞瘤）也可能属于该风险类别。
  • 高风险神经母细胞瘤的 5 年总生存率约为 63%。转移性神经母细胞瘤（又称 M 期神经母细胞瘤）大多属于该风险类别。M 期神经母细胞瘤曾被称为 4 期神经母细胞瘤。

癌症生存率研究可能不包括接受过最新治疗的患者。研究所包括的患者确诊时间超过 5 年。神经母细胞瘤的治疗发展快速，不断涌现新的治疗方法和现有疗法的新应用方式。

您能做些什么

可向孩子的医护团队咨询，在治疗期间您能采取哪些措施来维护孩子的健康。神经母细胞瘤的很多情况超出您的掌控范围。但在治疗期间，您可以通过以下方式帮助孩子感觉好些：

  • 避免感染。 癌症治疗可能会减少体内抗感染细胞的数量。这会增加发生严重感染的风险。勤洗手有助于降低感染风险。清洗孩子经常接触的玩具和表面。
  • 积极活动。 身体活动可能有助于改善情绪和缓解疲劳。对于幼儿来说，身体活动通常包括玩耍和跳舞。请咨询医护团队，了解孩子在活动方面是否有任何限制。如果孩子在癌症治疗期间运动有困难，物理治疗师可以提供帮助。
  • 保证休息。 癌症治疗通常会导致疲劳。尽量让孩子保持规律的作息时间，帮助孩子缓解这种症状。在需要的时候，让孩子多休息。身体活动也有帮助。
  • 给予支持。 在这个充满压力的时期，尽量多陪伴孩子，为其提供支持。当您自己无法陪伴时，请熟悉的人照顾孩子。尽量保持日常的生活节奏，比如保留玩耍时间和固定的就寝时间。
  • 保证充足饮食。 癌症治疗及其副作用可能会导致孩子进食困难。购买您知道孩子喜欢的食物。准备好零食，在孩子感到饥饿时可以随时食用。尽量用多餐少食代替分量较大的餐食。与医护团队沟通，了解其他方法，确保孩子获得充足营养。

孩子的医护团队可以为您联系相关医务人员，帮助您确保孩子在癌症治疗期间尽可能保持良好状态。

申请预约
分期医生与科室
Sept. 30, 2025

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