霍奇金淋巴瘤（霍奇金病）

预约门诊
打印

概述

霍奇金淋巴瘤是一种影响淋巴系统的癌症，淋巴系统是人体免疫系统抵抗细菌的一道防线。在霍奇金淋巴瘤中，淋巴细胞这种白细胞出现失控生长，导致淋巴结肿大和遍及全身的生长物。

霍奇金淋巴瘤曾被称为霍奇金病，是两类淋巴瘤之一。另一类是非霍奇金淋巴瘤。

霍奇金淋巴瘤诊断和治疗方面的进展已帮助患者提高了完全康复的几率。霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的预后正不断改善。

Types

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common type of Hodgkin lymphoma. People diagnosed with this type have large lymphoma cells called Reed-Sternberg cells in their lymph nodes.

Subtypes of classic Hodgkin lymphoma include:

  • Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma is much rarer. It involves lymphoma cells sometimes called popcorn cells because of how they look. Usually, it is diagnosed early and may need less intensive treatments than the classic type of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Call your preferred Mayo Clinic location:

症状

霍奇金淋巴瘤的体征和症状可能包括：

  • 颈部、腋窝或腹股沟淋巴结无痛肿胀
  • 持续性疲劳
  • 发热
  • 盗汗
  • 体重意外下降
  • 严重瘙痒
  • 饮酒后淋巴结疼痛

何时就诊

如果出现令人担心的某些持续性体征或症状，请与医务人员约诊。

申请预约

病因

医生们不确定霍奇金淋巴瘤的病因。他们知道，这种疾病始于对抗感染的白细胞（称为淋巴细胞）的 DNA 发生变化时。细胞的 DNA 包含指示细胞该做什么的指令。

上述 DNA 变化指示细胞迅速增殖，并在其他细胞正常死亡时继续存活。淋巴瘤细胞会攻击许多健康的免疫系统细胞，以保护自己并帮助自己生长。多余的细胞会聚集到淋巴结，导致肿胀及其他霍奇金淋巴瘤体征和症状。

霍奇金淋巴瘤有多种类型。您的类型取决于与您的疾病有关的细胞特征及其行为。明确您所患淋巴瘤的类型有助于确定治疗方案。

风险因素

可能增加霍奇金淋巴瘤发病风险的因素包括：

  • 年龄。20 到 30 岁和 55 岁以上人群更常被诊断出霍奇金淋巴瘤。
  • 淋巴瘤家族史。血亲罹患霍奇金淋巴瘤会导致您罹患霍奇金淋巴瘤的风险增大。
  • 男性。与出生性别为女性的人群相比，出生性别为男性的人群罹患霍奇金淋巴瘤的可能性稍高。
  • 之前感染过 EB 病毒。曾因 EB 病毒而罹患传染性单核细胞增多症等疾病者比没有感染过 EB 病毒者更有可能罹患霍奇金淋巴瘤。
  • HIV 感染。HIV 感染者患霍奇金淋巴瘤的风险会增大。

并发症

A potential complication of Hodgkin lymphoma is that the cancer may come back after treatment. This is called a relapse. Relapse is more common in people with advanced cancer.

来自妙佑医疗国际员工

在 Mayo Clinic 治疗

申请预约
诊断与治疗
Sept. 24, 2025
打印

Living with 霍奇金淋巴瘤（霍奇金病）?

Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Adolescent & Young Adult (AYA) Cancer support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community.

Adolescent & Young Adult (AYA) Cancer Discussions

darshsingh1
Can a hodgkins lymphoma survivor go to his college?

15 Replies Mon, Sep 29, 2025

hnreinhart12
Just scared: Cancer and scared leaving my daughter behind

33 Replies Thu, Sep 04, 2025

kenzog33
“Too young for cancer”

11 Replies Sat, Jun 21, 2025

See more discussions
  1. Hodgkin lymphoma. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1439. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  2. Hodgkin lymphoma treatment (PDQ) — Patient version. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/patient/adult-hodgkin-treatment-pdq. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  3. Elsevier Point of Care. Clinical Overview: Hodgkin lymphoma. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  4. Cancer stat facts: Hodgkin lymphoma. National Cancer Institute. https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/hodg.html. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  5. Hoffman R, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma. In: Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  6. Ferri FF. Hodgkin lymphoma. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2026. Elsevier; 2026. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  7. Ng AK, et al. Classic Hodgkin lymphoma: Presentation, evaluation, and diagnosis in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  8. LaCasce AS, et al. Pretreatment evaluation, staging, and treatment stratification of classic Hodgkin lymphoma. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  9. LaCasce AS. Treatment of relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  10. Chemotherapy to treat cancer. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/chemotherapy#chemotherapy-can-cause-side-effects. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  11. Radiation therapy side effects. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy/side-effects. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  12. Laurent C, et al. Impact of expert pathologic review of lymphoma diagnosis: Study of patients from the French Lymphopath Network. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2017; doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.71.2083.
  13. Goyal G, et al. Association between facility volume and mortality of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer. 2019; doi:10.1002/cncr.32584.
  14. Member institutions. Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology. https://www.allianceforclinicaltrialsinoncology.org/main/public/standard.xhtml?path=%2FPublic%2FInstitutions. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  15. Membership institution lists. NRG Oncology. https://www.nrgoncology.org/About-Us/Membership/Member-Institution-Lists. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  16. Stem cell transplants in cancer treatments. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/stem-cell-transplant#stem-cell-transplant-side-effects. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  17. Elsevier Point of Care. Clinical Overview: Febrile neutropenia in adults. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  18. Immunotherapy side effects. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy/side-effects. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.
  19. Targeted therapy to treat cancer. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/targeted-therapies. Accessed Aug. 19, 2025.

相关

相关医疗程序

Mayo Clinic 新闻

产品与服务

霍奇金淋巴瘤（霍奇金病）

Advertisement

妙佑医疗国际不为任何公司或产品背书。广告收入为我们的非营利使命提供支持。

广告与赞助政策

妙佑医疗国际出版社

浏览妙佑医疗国际出版社提供的畅销书以及书籍和简报的特别优惠。