生存率 来自妙佑医疗国际员工 如果血色病在造成严重损害之前及早发现并得到治疗,患者通常可以过上正常的生活。但如果不进行治疗,尤其是当病情发展到肝脏瘢痕形成(称为肝硬化)或引发心脏状况等晚期阶段时,寿命会显著缩短。 医疗状况如何进展(也称为预后)受多种因素影响。 出生指定性别。 男性往往更早出现症状,且并发症更为严重。 确诊时的年龄。 56 岁及以上确诊的患者,预后往往较差。 体内铁的蓄积量。 如果确诊时血清铁蛋白水平低于 2000 微克/升,那么患者的寿命可能与一般人群相似。 确诊的时间。 如果在肝硬化或糖尿病发生之前就开始进行放血治疗,患者通常可以正常生活。 如果患有肝硬化。 如果患有肝硬化,尤其是处于晚期,预后往往较差,寿命也较短。 遗传性 HFE 基因突变。 如果患有由 HFE 基因引起的血色病,死于肝细胞癌这一肝癌类型的风险会更高。不过,已经患有肝硬化者罹患此类癌症的风险最高。 饮酒。 血色病患者饮酒会增加死亡风险。酒精可能会使血液中铁的含量升高。 即使已经出现器官损伤,放血治疗本身也能提高生存率。并且通过治疗,体内的铁被清除后,部分器官损伤是可逆的。肝硬化通常不可逆,但肝脏瘢痕可能会有所改善。并且,治疗可以减缓或逆转其他并发症,例如糖尿病和其他肝病。 申请预约 分期医生与科室 April 08, 2026 Share on: FacebookTwitterWeChatWeChatCloseWeibo 显示参考文献 Feldman M, et al., eds. Hemochromatosis. In: Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. 11th ed. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 23, 2024. Ferri FF. Hemochromatosis. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2026. Elsevier; 2026. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Oct. 9, 2025. Hereditary hemochromatosis. American College of Gastroenterology. https://gi.org/topics/hereditary-hemochromatosis-hh/. Accessed Oct. 9, 2025. Hemochromatosis. American Liver Foundation. https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/rare-disease/hemochromatosis/. Accessed Oct. 9, 2025. Kellerman RD, et al. Hemochromatosis. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2024. Elsevier; 2024. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 23, 2024. Romon I, et al. Adverse effects of therapeutic phlebotomies: Prospective study of 587 procedures. Transfusion. 2024; doi:10.1111/trf.17862. Palmer WC, et al. In the clinic: Hemochromatosis. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2025; doi:10.7326/ANNALS-24-03710. Girelli D, et al. Diagnosis and management of hereditary hemochromatosis: Lifestyle modification, phlebotomy, and blood donation. Hematology, the ASH Education Program. 2024; doi:10.1182/hematology.2024000568. Phatak P, et al. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 1, 2025. Kwiatkowski JL. Approach to the patient with suspected iron overload. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 13, 2025. Hemosiderosis. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/hematology-and-oncology/iron-overload/hemosiderosis. Accessed Oct. 13, 2025. Goldman L, et al., eds. Iron overload (hemochromatosis). In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Elsevier; 2024. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Oct. 20, 2025. Adam MP, et al., eds. HFE-related hemochromatosis. In: GeneReviews. University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2025. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116. Accessed Oct. 1, 2025. Hereditary hemochromatosis algorithm. Mayo Clinic Laboratories. https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/-/media/it-mmfiles/Special-Instructions/9/A/8/Hereditary_Hemochromatosis_Algorithm.pdf. Accessed Oct. 1, 2025. Ferritin, serum. Mayo Clinic Laboratories. https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/test-catalog/overview/619953#clinical-and-interpretive. Accessed Oct. 1, 2025. Adams P, et al. Therapeutic recommendations in HFE hemochromatosis for p.Cys282Tyr (C282Y/C282Y) homozygous genotype. Hepatology International. 2018; doi:10.1007/s12072-018-9855-0. Phatak P, et al. Management and prognosis of hereditary hemochromatosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 22, 2025. 相关 相关医疗程序 基因检测 磁共振成像 肝功能检测 针刺活检 显示更多相关医疗程序 产品与服务 书籍:《妙佑医疗国际家庭健康手册》 简报:妙佑医疗国际卫生来信 — 数字版 显示更多来自妙佑医疗国际的产品和服务 血色素沉着症症状与病因诊断与治疗分期生存率医生与科室在 Mayo Clinic 治疗 CON-20157212 疾病与状况 血色素沉着症