概述
皱纹
皱纹
随着年龄增长出现皱纹(尤其是眼周、口周和颈部)是很常见的现象,原因是这些部位的皮肤逐渐变薄、变干且弹性降低。
皱纹是衰老的自然表现,主要出现在暴露于日光下的皮肤上,例如面部、颈、手和前臂。
虽然皮肤的结构和纹路主要由基因决定,但是阳光照射是产生皱纹的主要原因,尤其是对浅肤色人群而言。污染物和吸烟也会导致出现皱纹。
如果皱纹让您烦恼,有很多方法可以帮助您抚平和淡化皱纹。用药、换肤术、使用充填剂和手术都是首选的有效皱纹处理方法。
症状
粗糙的深皱纹
粗糙的深皱纹
反复暴露在阳光下可能加深皱纹,特别是颈部后面的皱纹。
皱纹是皮肤上形成的纹线和褶皱。一些皱纹可能变成深深的裂缝或沟纹,在眼睛、口腔和颈部周围尤其明显。
何时就诊
如果您对皮肤外观感到担忧,应该去看皮肤科医生。他或她可以评估您的皮肤并帮助您制定个性化的皮肤护理计划。皮肤科医生也可能建议对皱纹进行医疗处理。
病因
皱纹是由多种因素共同导致产生,有些因素可控,有些则无法控制:
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年龄。随着年龄增长,皮肤自然会越发缺少弹性,变得更加脆弱。天然油脂的分泌减少会使皮肤变得干燥,这让皮肤看起来皱纹更多。
皮肤深层的脂肪也将减少。这会导致皮肤松弛、下垂,皮肤纹路和缝隙更加明显。
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接触紫外线(UV)。紫外线辐射会加速皮肤的自然老化过程,这是早期产生皱纹的主要原因。接触 UV 会破坏皮肤的结缔组织 — 胶原蛋白与弹性纤维,它们位于皮肤的较深层(真皮)。
没有支撑性结缔组织的支持,皮肤会失去强韧性和弹性。随后皮肤开始下垂,并过早产生皱纹。
- 吸烟。吸烟会加速皮肤的正常衰老进程,并导致产生皱纹。这可能是由于吸烟对会胶原蛋白产生影响。
- 重复的面部表情。眯眼或微笑等面部动作和表情会导致产生细纹和皱纹。每次使用面部肌肉时,皮肤表面下方都会形成一个凹槽。随着皮肤老化、失去弹性,不再能够弹回原位。这些凹槽便会成为脸部的永久性特征。
预防
以下是一些护肤和减少皱纹的方法:
在 Mayo Clinic 治疗
Oct. 09, 2021
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