概述

当癌细胞从其原发部位扩散到骨骼时,就会发生骨转移。

几乎所有类型的癌症都可以扩散(转移)到骨骼。但有些类型的癌症特别容易扩散到骨骼,例如乳腺癌和前列腺癌。

骨转移可以发生于任何骨骼,但更容易出现于脊柱、骨盆和大腿。骨转移可能是癌症的首发体征,但也可能在癌症治疗后数年才出现。

骨转移可引起疼痛和骨折。除极少数外,已经扩散到骨骼的癌症均无法治愈。可以通过治疗减轻疼痛和缓解骨转移的其他症状。

症状

骨转移有时不会引起任何体征和症状。

骨转移发生时的体征和症状包括:

  • 骨痛
  • 骨折
  • 尿失禁
  • 大便失禁
  • 手臂或腿部无力
  • 血液中钙水平高(高钙血症),其可导致恶心、呕吐、便秘和意识模糊

何时就诊

如果有持续的体征或症状令您担忧,请与医生预约就诊。

如果您过去曾接受过癌症治疗,告知医生您的病史以及您所担忧的体征和症状。

病因

当癌细胞从原发肿瘤脱落并扩散到骨骼,然后开始增殖时,就会发生骨转移癌。

医生不确定导致某些癌症的扩散的原因。也不清楚为什么有些癌症会转移到骨骼而不是其他常见的转移部位,比如肝脏。

风险因素

几乎任何类型的癌症都可以扩散到骨骼,但最有可能导致骨转移的癌症包括:

  • 乳腺癌
  • 肾癌
  • 肺癌
  • 淋巴瘤
  • 多发性骨髓瘤
  • 前列腺癌
  • 甲状腺癌

April 27, 2022

Living with 骨转移?

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