What's the connection between mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus?

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can cause the disease mononucleosis, also known as mono. EBV is one of the most common viruses that people catch. But it takes more than a cough or sneeze to spread EBV. The virus spreads from person to person mainly through saliva.

EBV doesn't cause symptoms in most people. You can catch it from an infected person by doing things such as:

  • Kissing.
  • Sharing food and drinks.
  • Sharing cups, utensils or toothbrushes.

Mono can cause symptoms such as:

  • Extreme tiredness.
  • Fever.
  • Sore throat.
  • Headaches and body aches.
  • Swollen lymph nodes.
  • Swelling in the liver, spleen or both.
  • Rash.

There's no clear-cut treatment for mono. You can take steps to ease the symptoms by:

  • Drinking water or other fluids to stay hydrated.
  • Getting lots of rest.
  • Taking medicine that you can get without a prescription for pain and fever.

Some people need treatment for other health problems caused by mono. But most people with mono feel better in a couple weeks, although tiredness can last for longer, up to several months.

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Dec. 30, 2025 See more Expert Answers

See also

  1. Mononucleosis
  2. Mononucleosis: Can it recur?
  3. Swollen lymph nodes
  4. Symptom Checker