打印 诊断 在妙佑医疗国际接种流感疫苗 妙佑医疗国际在亚利桑那州、佛罗里达州和明尼苏达州提供流感疫苗接种。 详细了解如何在妙佑医疗国际接种流感疫苗。 诊断流感（也称为流行性感冒）时，医务人员会对您进行体格检查，查看是否有流感症状，并可能安排一项检测流感病毒的检查。 在北半球和南半球，引发流感的病毒会在一年中的某些时段大范围传播。这些时段被称为流感季节。在流感高发期，您可能不需要做流感检测。 但是，如果有助于指导您的护理或是了解您能否将病毒传播给他人，可能建议您进行流感检测。流感检测可能在药房、医务人员的办公室或在医院中进行。年满 2 岁者或许能使用一种可以在家里进行的检测。如果您决定使用居家检测，请将结果告知医务人员。无论结果是阳性还是阴性，您可能都需要医护团队给您做检测来进行确认。 您可能需要进行的流感检测类型包括： 分子检测。 此类检测可查找流感病毒中的遗传物质。聚合酶链式反应检测简称 PCR 检测，属于分子检测。这类检测可能又被称为 NAAT 检测，它是核酸扩增检测的缩写。 抗原检测。 这类检测查找被称为抗原的病毒蛋白质。例如，快速流行性感冒诊断性检查是一种抗原检测。 可以进行一项检测来诊断流感和其他呼吸道疾病，例如 COVID-19（2019 冠状病毒病）。您可能同时患 COVID-19 和流行性感冒。 Are you fully protected? Create your personalized vaccination plan. Create my plan 治疗如果发生严重感染或者出现流感并发症的风险较高，医疗护理专业人员可能会开一种抗病毒药物来治疗流感。这些药物可能包括奥司他韦（Tamiflu）、巴洛沙韦（Xofluza）和扎那米韦（Relenza）。 奥司他韦和巴洛沙韦通过口服给药。扎那米韦通过类似于哮喘吸入器的装置吸入给药。患有某些慢性呼吸系统疾病（例如哮喘和肺病）的人不宜使用扎那米韦。 对于住院患者，可能会开具静脉注射的帕拉米韦（Rapivab）。 上述药物可以将病程缩短一天左右，并且有助于预防严重的并发症。 抗病毒药物可能会导致副作用。副作用通常列于处方信息中。一般而言，抗病毒药物的副作用可能包括呼吸症状、恶心、呕吐或稀便（称为腹泻）。更多信息体外膜肺氧合（ECMO） 生活方式与家庭疗法如果您得了流感，以下措施可能有助于缓解症状： 饮用足量液体。 选择水、果汁和温汤，帮助保持体内液体。 休息。 多睡觉，帮助免疫系统对抗感染。您可能需要根据症状改变活动水平。 考虑使用止痛药。 使用对乙酰氨基酚（Tylenol 等）或布洛芬（Advil、Motrin IB 等），以对抗发热、头痛或与流行性感冒相关疼痛。处于流感样症状恢复期的儿童和青少年不应服用阿司匹林，因为有患瑞氏综合征（一种罕见但有潜在致命性的状况）的风险。 为帮助控制您所在社区的流行性感冒传播，请待在家里，并让生病的儿童也待在家里，直到发热消退（无需使用药物）24 小时。除非您准备就诊，否则在感觉好转之前，请避免与其他人接触。如果您真的需要离家就医，请戴上口罩。经常洗手。 传染病暴发史和疫苗发展时间线 了解重大疾病暴发、流行病和大流行病的历史，以及疫苗和研究对许多传染病的影响。 详细了解传染病暴发史和疫苗发展时间线。 来自妙佑医疗国际员工 申请预约 症状与病因医生与科室 Dec. 19, 2025 打印显示参考文献 Loscalzo J, et al., eds. Influenza. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 21st ed. McGraw Hill; 2022. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed Aug. 6, 2024. Grohskopf LA, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2024-25 influenza season. MMWR Recommendations and Reports. 2024; doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7305a1. Kellerman RD, et al. Influenza. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2024. Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 2, 2024. Goldman L, et al., eds. Influenza. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Elsevier; 2024. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 6, 2024. Flu: What to do if you get sick. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/treatment/takingcare.htm. Accessed Aug. 2, 2024. Preventive actions. Centers for Disease Control and prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/prevention.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Preventing respiratory viruses. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/prevention/index.html. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. How flu spreads. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Health equity and flu. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/disparities-racial-ethnic-minority-groups.html. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Who should and who should not get a flu vaccine. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/whoshouldvax.htm. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Overview of influenza testing methods. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/overview-testing-methods.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Table 4. Multiplex assays authorized for simultaneous detection of influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 by FDA. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/table-flu-covid19-detection.html. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. What are flu antiviral drugs? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/treatment/whatyoushould.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. People at higher risk of flu complications. Centers for Disease Control and prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/index.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. Medical review (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Sept. 18, 2025. Flu vaccination by jet injector. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/jet-injector.htm. Accessed Aug. 19, 2024. At-home OTC COVID-19 diagnostic tests. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-covid-19-and-medical-devices/home-otc-covid-19-diagnostic-tests. Accessed Jan. 16, 2025. Flumist. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/flumist. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. Vaccines licensed for use in the United States. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/vaccines-licensed-use-united-states. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. Influenza vaccines: Canadian immunization guide. Public Health Agency of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/canadian-immunization-guide-part-4-active-vaccines/page-10-influenza-vaccine.html. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. Seasonal influenza. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/seasonal-influenza. Accessed Sept. 15, 2025. Influenza vaccine composition for the 2025-2026 U.S. influenza season. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/influenza-vaccine-composition-2025-2026-us-influenza-season. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. Recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children, 2025–2026: Policy Statement. American Academy of Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-073620. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. Afluria package insert. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/afluria-afluria-southern-hemisphere. Accessed Sept. 12, 2025. McAllister L et al. Needle-free jet injection for administration of influenza vaccine: A randomized non-inferiority trial. The Lancet. 2014; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60524-9. AskMayoExpert. Influenza vaccination. Mayo Clinic; 2025. AskMayoExpert. Influenza: Return to daycare, school, and/or work. Mayo Clinic; 2023. 相关 妙佑医疗国际一分钟：为何这个季节流感疫苗接种尤其重要 感冒病毒和流感病毒：它们能在体外存活多久？ 流感：什么时候去看医生？ 流感疫苗 高剂量流感疫苗：与其他流感疫苗有何不同？ 显示更多相关内容 相关医疗程序 体外膜肺氧合（ECMO） Mayo Clinic 新闻 Mayo Clinic expert discusses increasing levels of respiratory infections Mayo Clinic Minute: Managing respiratory illness at home Mayo Clinic Minute: How to prepare for the 2024-25 influenza season (VIDEO) Mayo Clinic expert answers common questions about the flu, COVID-19 Mayo Clinic Minute: Reduce risk of respiratory infections (VIDEO) Flu, COVID-19, RSV on the rise 显示更多来自妙佑医疗国际的新闻 产品与服务 书籍：《妙佑医疗国际家庭疗法指南》 流行性感冒（流感）症状与病因诊断与治疗医生与科室 Advertisement 妙佑医疗国际不为任何公司或产品背书。广告收入为我们的非营利使命提供支持。 广告与赞助政策 政策 机会 广告选择 妙佑医疗国际出版社 浏览妙佑医疗国际出版社提供的畅销书以及书籍和简报的特别优惠。 新资讯：妙佑医疗国际睡眠改善指南 收听健康问题播客 妙佑医疗国际：关于失禁 糖尿病基本信息 妙佑医疗国际饮食方案评估 — 免费 妙佑医疗国际健康通讯 — 免费读物 CON-20164014 疾病与状况 流行性感冒（流感）