Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma

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Survival rates

The chance of surviving primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is different for every person. Factors include your overall health, the stage of your cancer, treatments you are receiving and how you respond to treatment.

PMBCL carries the risk of the cancer coming back after treatment, known as a relapse. Most relapses happen within the first two years after treatment.

The overall five-year survival rate for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma typically exceeds 80%. This means that more than 80% of patients with a diagnosis of PMBCL are alive after five years from diagnosis.

Prognosis

The cancer prognosis tells how likely it is that the cancer can be treated successfully. Your healthcare team can get a general sense of your outlook using your primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) stage and your overall health.

Talk with your healthcare team about your prognosis if you want to know what to expect. Members of your healthcare team can explain what they consider when thinking about your prognosis.

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StagesDoctors & departments
March 07, 2026

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  1. B-cell lymphomas. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1480. Accessed Dec. 17, 2025.
  2. Aster JC, et al. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 17, 2025.
  3. Brown JR, et al. Pathobiology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 17, 2025.
  4. Hsi ED, et al., eds. Diffuse aggressive B-cell lymphomas. In: Hematopathology: Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology. 4th ed. Elsevier; 2026. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 17, 2025.
  5. Mediastinum. Dorland's Medical Dictionary Online. https://www.dorlandsonline.com. Accessed Dec. 17, 2025.
  6. Paulson CL. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. July 15, 2025.

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Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma