How to treat a bee sting

A bee sting can be enough to stop you in your tracks. In most people, the sting produces a painful, coin-sized area of redness and swelling — an annoyance that can be managed with basic home care. But for others, a larger or even serious reaction may develop.

If a bee stings you or a loved one, follow these suggestions:

• Limit further stings. When a bee stings, it releases a chemical that attracts other bees. After a sting, quickly leave the area. If you can, get into a building or closed vehicle.
• Take care of the sting. If a stinger is present, remove it immediately. This will reduce your exposure to venom. Wash the area with soap and water as soon as possible.
• Reduce discomfort. A cold compress can help with most minor reactions. If discomfort continues, try an over-the-counter pain reliever.
• Relieve redness, itchiness and swelling. If the sting is on an arm or leg, elevate it. Apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion. If symptoms are bothersome but not severe, try an oral antihistamine that contains diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or chlorpheniramine (Aller-chlor).
• Avoid scratching the affected area. Scratching will make the itching and swelling worse and will increase your risk of infection.
• Watch for a severe reaction. Seek emergency help if you experience certain warning signs. These include hives and flushed or pale skin; difficulty breathing; swelling of your throat and tongue; a weak or rapid pulse; nausea, vomiting or diarrhea; dizziness or fainting; or loss of consciousness.
• Take action if you have multiple stings. Also seek immediate care if you are stung more than a dozen times. The accumulation of venom may cause a toxic reaction.
• Tell your doctor about any serious reaction. He or she may refer you to an allergy specialist. A specialist can determine whether you're allergic to bee venom and help you prevent and manage future reactions.
• Reduce your risk. If a bee is flying around you, stay calm and slowly walk away from the area. Don't swat, as this may cause the bee to sting.