特发性嗜睡症

概述

特发性嗜睡症是一种罕见的睡眠障碍，会导致您即使晚上睡得很好，白天也会十分嗜睡。病因未知。它还经常导致您入睡后难以醒来。小睡之后，通常不会感觉神清气爽，醒来时可能感到迷糊、混乱。

嗜睡状况可能随时出现，哪怕是在开车或工作时，这也令特发性嗜睡症具有潜在的危险性。

这种疾病通常是逐渐形成的。诊断特发性嗜睡症需要排除更常见的睡眠障碍。治疗目标通常是用药物控制症状。

症状

The main symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia is being very sleepy during the day. Symptoms begin slowly over several weeks or months and may include:

• Having a strong need to sleep.
• Not being able to stay awake and alert during the day.
• Sleeping more than 11 hours at night.
• Having trouble waking up in the morning.
• Being confused, moving slowly and having trouble with coordination after waking up.
• Feeling anxiety after waking up.

People with idiopathic hypersomnia may need to set several loud alarms to wake up in the morning.

People with the condition also may:

• Take naps longer than an hour.
• Not feel refreshed after naps.
• Have trouble with memory and attention.

Rarely, idiopathic hypersomnia can cause someone to fall asleep suddenly during the day.

Some people with idiopathic hypersomnia may experience automatic behavior when they are very sleepy. This can include staring, or they may drive without purpose and later realize that they are miles from home. Automatic behavior also may include writing or saying things that don't make sense. Afterward, people with idiopathic hypersomnia don't remember the behavior.

病因

The cause of idiopathic hypersomnia is not known.

风险因素

Experts don't know what causes idiopathic hypersomnia, so risk factors are not known. But symptoms usually appear at a younger age, between ages 10 and 30. And women may be more likely to have idiopathic hypersomnia than are men.