抑郁症和焦虑症:是否可能同时患上?

    是否有可能同时患有抑郁症和焦虑症?

    抑郁症和焦虑症是两种不同的病症,但通常会一起发生。治疗方法也类似。

    偶尔感觉沮丧或情绪低落是正常的。每个人都偶尔会感到焦虑,这是对应激情况的正常反应。但严重或长期感觉抑郁和焦虑可能是基础心理健康状况的征兆。

    重度抑郁发作后,可能开始出现焦虑障碍。抑郁症还常由焦虑障碍诱发,例如广泛性焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍或分离焦虑障碍。很多患者同时患有焦虑障碍和临床抑郁症。

    通常采用谈话疗法(称为心理疗法)、用药(例如抗抑郁药)或两相结合改善这两种状况的症状。改变生活方式(改善睡眠习惯、增加社会支持、减轻压力和定期运动)也可能有帮助。如果您有其中一种状况,请不要饮酒、抽烟或使用消遣性药物,否则会使状况恶化并干扰治疗。

    1. Anxiety disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5-TR. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2022. http://dsm.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Oct. 1, 2024.
    2. Depressive disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5-TR. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2022. http://dsm.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Oct. 1, 2024.
    3. Van Ameringen M. Comorbid anxiety and depression in adults: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Oct. 1, 2024.
    4. Goodwin GM. Revisiting treatment options for depressed patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Advances in Therapy. 2021; doi.org/10.1007/s12325-021-01861-0.
    5. Breteler JK, et al. Comorbid depression and treatment of anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD: Diagnosis versus severity. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2021; doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.146.
    6. American Psychiatric Association. Lifestyle to support mental health. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/lifestyle-to-support-mental-health. Accessed Oct. 2, 2024.

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