概述
房扑
房扑
房扑是一种上心腔（心房）跳动过快所导致的心律失常问题。
房扑意味着心脏上腔（心房）跳动过快。这种情况会导致心脏以一种快速但基本规律的节奏跳动。
房扑是由心脏电生理系统异常所引起的一种心律不齐（心律失常）。
房扑与房颤相似，后者是一种导致心律不齐的常见疾病。与房颤患者相比，房扑患者的心律更加规律，没那么混乱。房扑和房颤有时可能同时出现。
房扑患者可能没有症状。然而，房扑可能会增加发生卒中、心力衰竭和其他并发症的风险。房扑可以得到有效治疗，包括药物治疗或旨在给小面积心脏组织留下瘢痕的手术（消融）。
症状
People with atrial flutter may not have symptoms. The irregular heartbeat may be found during a health checkup for another reason.
If atrial flutter symptoms happen, they may include:
- A pounding or racing feeling in the chest.
- Chest pain.
- Fainting or almost fainting.
- Shortness of breath.
- Feeling very tired.
When to see a doctor
If you feel like your heart is pounding, fluttering, skipping a beat or beating too fast, make an appointment for a health checkup. You may be told to see a doctor trained in heart diseases, called a cardiologist.
Get emergency medical care if you have these symptoms:
- Chest pain.
- Shortness of breath.
- Fainting.
Always call 911 or your local emergency number if you think you might be having a heart attack.
病因
Changes in the heart's electrical system cause atrial flutter. The heart's electrical system controls the heartbeat. Some health conditions or heart surgery can change how electrical signals travel through the heart and cause atrial flutter.
The movement of the heart's signals make the heart squeeze and pump blood. Usually, this process goes smoothly. The typical resting heart rate is about 60 to 100 beats a minute. But in atrial flutter, the heart's upper chambers beat too quickly. This causes the heart to beat in a fast, but usually organized, way.
风险因素
Some health conditions increase the risk of atrial flutter. They include:
- Heart failure.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also called COPD.
- Blood clot in the lungs, called a pulmonary embolism.
- Heart condition present at birth, called a congenital heart defect.
Other risk factors for atrial flutter are:
- Getting older.
- Recent heart surgery.
并发症
A complication of atrial flutter is atrial fibrillation (AFib). About half of people with atrial flutter get AFib within three years. AFib increases the risk of blood clots and strokes.
Other complications of atrial flutter are:
- Heart failure.
- Stroke.
- Heart attack.
预防
Lifestyle changes help keep the heart healthy. Try these heart-healthy tips:
- Don't smoke.
- Eat healthy foods such as fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Eat less salt and saturated fats.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week.
- Keep a healthy weight.
- Use less or do not use caffeine and alcohol.
- Reduce and manage stress.
- Control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.
- Get good sleep. Adults should try to get 7 to 9 hours daily.
临床试验
探索 Mayo Clinic 的研究 测试新的治疗、干预与检查方法，旨在预防、检测、治疗或控制这种疾病。