Prolapso de los órganos pélvicos

Descripción general

Cuando los músculos y los ligamentos que sostienen los órganos pélvicos de una mujer se debilitan, estos órganos pueden caer en la pelvis y crear una protuberancia en la vagina (prolapso). Por lo general, las mujeres presentan prolapso de los órganos pélvicos años después de un parto, luego de una histerectomía o después de la menopausia. Si tienes síntomas, como sentir presión en la zona pélvica, consulta con un profesional de salud.

Síntomas

Sometimes, pelvic organ prolapse has no symptoms. When symptoms happen, they might include:

• Seeing or feeling a bulge of tissue at or beyond the opening of the vagina.
• Pelvic pressure, heaviness or pain.
• Lower back pain.
• Not being able to keep in a tampon.
• Urinary changes. These might include urinating more, feeling an urgent need to urinate, not being able to empty the bladder all the way or having a weak urine stream.
• Bowel changes, such as not emptying stool all the way or having to put fingers in the vagina to support the bulge to be able to pass stool. This is called stenting.
• Sexual issues, such as pain with sex.

Weakness of the pelvic floor often affects more than one area. For instance, if one of your pelvic organs is prolapsed, you're more likely to have another type of pelvic organ prolapse.

Causas

The cause of pelvic organ prolapse is the weakening of the tissues and the muscles that support the pelvic organs. The most common cause is having a baby vaginally.

Factores de riesgo

Risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse include:

• Having more than one baby, vaginal delivery, high birth weight babies and deliveries using tools.
• Being older.
• Being obese.
• Having had pelvic surgery.
• Straining from an ongoing cough, such as from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ongoing constipation or ongoing heavy lifting.
• Having a family history of pelvic organ prolapse or connective tissue conditions.

Estudios clínicos

Explora los estudios de Mayo Clinic que ensayan nuevos tratamientos, intervenciones y pruebas para prevenir, detectar, tratar o controlar esta afección.