Description and Brand Names

Drug information provided by: Merative, Micromedex®

US Brand Name

  1. Varivax

Canadian Brand Name

  1. Varilrix

Descriptions


Varicella virus live vaccine is an active immunizing agent that is given to protect against infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The vaccine works by causing the body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against the virus.

Varicella (commonly known as chickenpox) is an infection that is easily spread from one person to another. Chickenpox is usually a mild infection but sometimes it can cause serious problems, such as pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, and a rare disease called Reye's syndrome.

Immunization against chickenpox is recommended for anyone 12 months of age and older who has not had chickenpox. Immunization against chickenpox is not recommended for infants younger than 12 months of age.

You can be considered to be immune to chickenpox only if you have received 2 doses of the varicella vaccine. You also are considered to be immune if you have a doctor's diagnosis of a previous chickenpox infection or if you have had a blood test showing that you are immune to the varicella virus.

This vaccine is to be administered only by or under the supervision of your doctor or other authorized health care professional.

This product is available in the following dosage forms:

  • Powder for Suspension

Before Using

In deciding to use a vaccine, the risks of taking the vaccine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this vaccine, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of varicella virus vaccine in children 1 year of age and older. However, varicella virus vaccine is not recommended for infants younger than 12 months of age.

Geriatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of varicella virus vaccine in the elderly.

Breastfeeding

Studies in women suggest that this medication poses minimal risk to the infant when used during breastfeeding.

Drug Interactions

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving this vaccine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Receiving this vaccine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to use this vaccine or change some of the other medicines you take.

  • Alemtuzumab
  • Bendamustine
  • Bortezomib
  • Bosutinib
  • Cabazitaxel
  • Capecitabine
  • Carboplatin
  • Carfilzomib
  • Carmustine
  • Chlorambucil
  • Cisplatin
  • Cladribine
  • Clofarabine
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Cytarabine
  • Cytarabine Liposome
  • Dacarbazine
  • Dasatinib
  • Daunorubicin
  • Daunorubicin Citrate Liposome
  • Daunorubicin Liposome
  • Deflazacort
  • Docetaxel
  • Doxorubicin
  • Epirubicin
  • Etoposide
  • Fludarabine
  • Fluorouracil
  • Gemcitabine
  • Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin
  • Hydroxyurea
  • Idarubicin
  • Ifosfamide
  • Imatinib
  • Interferon Alfa
  • Irinotecan
  • Irinotecan Liposome
  • Lomustine
  • Mechlorethamine
  • Melphalan
  • Mercaptopurine
  • Methotrexate
  • Mitomycin
  • Mitoxantrone
  • Nelarabine
  • Nilotinib
  • Ofatumumab
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Paclitaxel
  • Paclitaxel Protein-Bound
  • Pemetrexed
  • Pentostatin
  • Ponatinib
  • Procarbazine
  • Rituximab
  • Temozolomide
  • Teniposide
  • Thiotepa
  • Topotecan
  • Tositumomab
  • Vinblastine
  • Vinorelbine

Receiving this vaccine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

  • Adalimumab
  • Anifrolumab-fnia
  • Ansuvimab-zykl
  • Antithymocyte Globulin Rabbit
  • Aspirin
  • Atoltivimab
  • Axicabtagene Ciloleucel
  • Azathioprine
  • Baricitinib
  • Belatacept
  • Benorilate
  • Betibeglogene Autotemcel
  • Bimekizumab-bkzx
  • Brexucabtagene Autoleucel
  • Brodalumab
  • Canakinumab
  • Certolizumab Pegol
  • Choline Salicylate
  • Cyclosporine
  • Deucravacitinib
  • Dupilumab
  • Efgartigimod Alfa-fcab
  • Elivaldogene Autotemcel
  • Emapalumab-lzsg
  • Etanercept
  • Etrasimod
  • Everolimus
  • Fingolimod
  • Golimumab
  • Guselkumab
  • Hyaluronidase
  • Immune Globulin
  • Inebilizumab-cdon
  • Infliximab
  • Ixekizumab
  • Leflunomide
  • Leniolisib
  • Lovotibeglogene Autotemcel
  • Mesalamine
  • Mirikizumab-mrkz
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • Ocrelizumab
  • Olsalazine
  • Ozanimod
  • Ponesimod
  • Rilonacept
  • Risankizumab-rzaa
  • Ritlecitinib
  • Rozanolixizumab-noli
  • Salicylamide
  • Salicylic Acid
  • Salsalate
  • Sarilumab
  • Satralizumab-mwge
  • Secukinumab
  • Siponimod
  • Sirolimus
  • Sodium Salicylate
  • Sodium Thiosalicylate
  • Spesolimab-sbzo
  • Tacrolimus
  • Teplizumab-mzwv
  • Teriflunomide
  • Tildrakizumab-asmn
  • Tocilizumab
  • Tofacitinib
  • Trabectedin
  • Tralokinumab-ldrm
  • Trolamine Salicylate
  • Ublituximab-xiiy
  • Upadacitinib
  • Ustekinumab
  • Valoctocogene Roxaparvovec-rvox
  • Vamorolone
  • Voclosporin

Receiving this vaccine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

  • Abatacept
  • Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin, Human
  • Hepatitis B Immune Globulin
  • Rabies Immune Globulin
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immune Globulin, Human
  • Tetanus Immune Globulin
  • Vaccinia Immune Globulin, Human
  • Varicella-Zoster Immune Globulin

Other Interactions

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Other Medical Problems

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this vaccine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

  • Allergy to gelatin or neomycin, history of or
  • Blood disorder (weak immune system) or
  • Bone marrow cancer or
  • Illness with fever or
  • Immune deficiency condition, or family history of or
  • Leukemia (cancer of the blood) or
  • Lymphoma (cancer of the immune system) or
  • Neutropenia (low white blood cell count) or
  • Tuberculosis, active and untreated—Should not be used in patients with these conditions.

Proper Use

A nurse or other trained health professional will give you or your child this vaccine. This vaccine is given as a shot under your skin (usually in the upper arms, or front side of the thighs) or into one of your muscles.

Children 12 months to 12 years of age should receive 2 doses of Varivax® vaccine, with the first dose given between 12 to 15 months and the second between 4 to 6 years. Teenagers and adults should receive 2 doses and wait 4 weeks between the first and second shot.

This vaccine comes with a patient information leaflet. Read and understand carefully all of the information in the insert. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.

Missed Dose

This medicine needs to be given on a fixed schedule. If you miss a dose or forget to use your medicine, call your doctor or pharmacist for instructions.

Precautions

It is very important that you or your child return to your doctor’s office at the right time if you or your child needs a second dose of the vaccine. Be sure to notify your doctor of any side effects that may occur after you or your child receive this vaccine.

You should not receive this vaccine if you are using medicine that weakens the immune system (including cancer medicine or steroid medicine).

Do not become pregnant for 3 months after receiving varicella virus vaccine. There is a chance that this vaccine may cause problems during pregnancy. If you think you have become pregnant, tell your doctor right away. Your doctor may want you to join a pregnancy registry for patients receiving this vaccine.

Tell your doctor that you or your child have received this vaccine:

  • If you are to receive blood transfusions or other blood products within 5 months of receiving this vaccine.
  • If you are to receive any other live virus vaccines within 1 to 3 months after receiving this vaccine.
  • If you are to receive varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) or other immune globulins within 2 months after receiving this vaccine.

This vaccine may cause a serious allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, hoarseness, trouble breathing, trouble swallowing, or any swelling of your hands, face, or mouth after you receive the vaccine.

Do not use aspirin or medicines containing aspirin (eg, certain cold medicines) for 6 weeks after receiving this vaccine. Carefully check the label of any pain, headache, or cold medicine you or your child use to be sure it does not contain aspirin or salicylic acid.

You or your child may be able to pass the virus to other people after getting this vaccine. You or your child should avoid close contact with people at high risk for getting chickenpox for 6 weeks after receiving this vaccine. People who are most at risk of catching the virus from you are pregnant women, newborn babies, and people whose bodies cannot fight infection (eg, people with bone marrow disease, AIDS). Talk to your doctor about this risk.

You will need to have a skin test for tuberculosis before the vaccine is given, or on the same day the vaccine is given, or at least 4 weeks after you receive this vaccine. Tell your doctor if you or anyone in your home has ever had a positive reaction to a tuberculosis skin test.

Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.

Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

More common

  1. Fever over 39°C (102°F)

Less common

  1. Blue lips and fingernails
  2. chest pain or tightness
  3. chickenpox-like skin rash
  4. coughing that sometimes produces a pink frothy sputum
  5. decreased urine output
  6. difficult, fast, or noisy breathing
  7. dilated neck veins
  8. extreme tiredness or weakness
  9. general feeling of discomfort or illness
  10. increased sweating
  11. irregular breathing
  12. irregular heartbeat
  13. irritability
  14. pale skin
  15. swelling of the ankles, face, fingers, feet, or lower legs
  16. weight gain

Rare

  1. Black, tarry stools
  2. blood in the urine or stools
  3. chills
  4. confusion
  5. cough
  6. difficulty with breathing or swallowing
  7. fever
  8. hives
  9. itching, especially of the feet or hands
  10. muscle or joint pain
  11. pinpoint red spots on the skin
  12. reddening of the skin, especially around the ears
  13. seizures with high fever
  14. severe or continuing headache
  15. stiff neck
  16. swelling of the glands in the neck
  17. thickening of bronchial secretions
  18. unusual bleeding or bruising
  19. unusual tiredness or weakness, sudden and severe
  20. vomiting

Incidence not known

  1. Back pain, sudden and severe
  2. bleeding gums
  3. blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
  4. bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet
  5. bloody nose
  6. blurred vision
  7. bruising more easily
  8. dizziness
  9. fast heartbeat
  10. headache
  11. heavier menstrual periods
  12. inability to move the arms and legs
  13. inability to speak
  14. large, flat, blue, or purplish patches in the skin
  15. large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
  16. loss of bladder control
  17. muscle spasm or jerking of all extremities
  18. painful blisters on the trunk of the body
  19. painful knees and ankles
  20. pale skin
  21. pinpoint red spots on the skin
  22. puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
  23. raised red swellings on the skin, buttocks, legs, or ankles
  24. red, irritated eyes
  25. red skin lesions, often with a purple center
  26. seizures
  27. shakiness and unsteady walk
  28. skin rash
  29. slurred speech
  30. sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips
  31. stomach pain
  32. sudden loss of consciousness
  33. sudden numbness and weakness in the arms and legs
  34. swollen or painful glands
  35. temporary blindness
  36. tingling of the hands or feet
  37. unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination
  38. unusual weight gain or loss
  39. weakness in the arm or leg on one side of the body, sudden and severe
  40. weakness of the muscles in your face

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

More common

  1. Fever of 37.7°C (100°F) or higher, but not above 39°C (102°F)
  2. hives, itching, pain, redness, soreness, tenderness, or warmth at the injection site

Less common

  1. Common cold
  2. congestion
  3. constipation
  4. cracked, dry, or scaly skin
  5. diaper rash
  6. diarrhea
  7. disturbed sleep
  8. dry skin
  9. earache
  10. heat rash or prickly heat
  11. lack or loss of strength
  12. loss of appetite
  13. muscle ache, cramp, or stiffness
  14. nausea
  15. nervousness
  16. runny nose
  17. skin rash, encrusted, scaly, and oozing
  18. sneezing
  19. sore throat
  20. stuffy nose
  21. swelling
  22. swollen joints
  23. teething

Incidence not known

  1. Bacterial skin infections
  2. body aches or pain
  3. burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings
  4. difficulty with moving
  5. dryness or soreness of the throat
  6. hoarseness
  7. pain, redness, swelling, tenderness, or warmth on the skin
  8. red rash with watery, yellow-colored, or pus-filled blisters
  9. thick yellow to honey-colored crusts
  10. voice changes

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Portions of this document last updated: April 01, 2024

Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/varicella-virus-vaccine-live-subcutaneous-route/description/drg-20067091