Plasmacytoma

Many people with solitary plasmacytoma live for years after diagnosis. In one study, about 85% of people with solitary plasmacytoma were alive five years after diagnosis. About 70% were alive 10 years after diagnosis.

Another study found similar results. About 87% of people were alive five years after diagnosis. About 67% were alive 10 years after diagnosis.

Survival rates are estimates based on groups of people with plasmacytoma. They can't tell you exactly what will happen to you. Your outlook, also called your prognosis, depends on several factors.

Type of plasmacytoma

The type of plasmacytoma can affect your outlook. In general, people with extramedullary plasmacytoma have a better outlook than people with solitary plasmacytoma of bone.

One large study found that half of the people with solitary plasmacytoma of bone lived longer than about nine years after diagnosis. For people with extramedullary plasmacytoma, half lived longer than about 12 years.

Risk of multiple myeloma

Plasmacytoma can become multiple myeloma. Certain test results can help your care team understand your risk:

• Type of plasmacytoma. The risk of developing multiple myeloma is higher with solitary plasmacytoma of bone than with extramedullary plasmacytoma.
• Bone marrow involvement. Finding cancerous plasma cells in the bone marrow is linked with a higher risk of developing multiple myeloma.

For solitary plasmacytoma of bone, the risk of getting multiple myeloma is highest during the first 2 to 3 years after treatment. But multiple myeloma also can happen years later. Regular follow-up care can help find signs that plasmacytoma has become multiple myeloma.

Your care team can explain what your test results may mean for your risk of getting multiple myeloma and what follow-up care you may need.