هل يمكن لمدرات البول خفض مستوى البوتاسيوم لديك؟

إجابة من شيلدون جي شيبس، (دكتور في الطب)

نعم، تخفض بعض مدرات البول — والتي تسمى أيضًا حبوب الماء — مستوى البوتاسيوم في دمك. عادةً ما تستخدم مدرات البول لعلاج ضغط الدم (ارتفاع التوتر الشرياني) لأنها تقوم بخفض مستوى ضغط الدم من خلال مساعدة جسمك على التخلص من الصوديوم والمياه عبر البول. ومع ذلك، يمكن لبعض مدرات البول أن تتسبب في التخلص من البوتاسيوم بكمية أكبر في البول. قد يؤدي ذلك إلى خفض مستويات البوتاسيوم في دمك (نقص البوتاسيوم).

تشتمل علامات (نقص البوتاسيوم) وأعراضه ما يلي:

  • الضعف
  • التعب
  • التشنجات العضلية
  • الإمساك
  • مشاكل في النظم القلبية لديك (اضطراب نظم القلب)

لا تتسبب جميع مدرات البول في حدوث تلك المشكلة. لا تقلل مدرات البول التي تجنب البوتاسيوم مستويات البوتاسيوم. وتشتمل على السبيرونولاكتون (Aldactone) والإيبليرينون (Inspra) وتريامتيرين (Dyrenium).

بالإضافة لذلك، قد تؤدي بعض الأدوية المخصصة لعلاج ارتفاع ضغط الدم إلى زيادة مستويات البوتاسيوم في الدم. ومن بينها مثبطات الإنزيمات المحولة للأنجيوتنسين (ACE)، ووحاصرات مستقبلات الأنجيوتنسين 2‏ (ARBs)، ومثبطات الرينين.

قد يشمل علاج انخفاض مستوى البوتاسيوم ما يلي:

  • زيادة مستوى البوتاسيوم في وجباتك الغذائية التي تتناولها
  • تناول المكملات التي تحتوي على البوتاسيوم
  • التحول إلى مدرات البول التي تجنب البوتاسيوم

إذا كنت تتناول مثبطات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين مع مدر للبول وتحصل على ما يكفي من البوتاسيوم في نظامك الغذائي ولكن مستوى البوتاسيوم لديك لايزال منخفضًا، قد يوصي طبيبك بإجراء المزيد من الفحوصات للمساعدة في تحديد السبب الأساسي.

11/06/2019 See more Expert Answers

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