هل يمكن لمدرات البول خفض مستوى البوتاسيوم لديك؟

إجابة من شيلدون جي شيبس، (دكتور في الطب)

نعم، تخفض بعض مدرات البول — والتي تسمى أيضًا حبوب الماء — مستوى البوتاسيوم في دمك. عادةً ما تستخدم مدرات البول لمعالجة ارتفاع ضغط الدم (فرط ضغط الدم). وتخفض هذه الأدوية ضغط الدم عن طريق مساعدة جسمك على طرح الصوديوم والماء عن طريق البول. ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تؤدي بعض مدرات البول إلى طرح البوتاسيوم بكمية أكبر من خلال البول. قد يؤدي ذلك إلى خفض مستويات البوتاسيوم في دمك.

تشتمل علامات (نقص البوتاسيوم) وأعراضه ما يلي:

  • الإمساك
  • الإرهاق
  • مشكلات نظم القلب (اضطراب نظم القلب)
  • تشنج العضلات
  • الضعف

لا تتسبب جميع مدرات البول في حدوث تلك المشكلة. فهناك مدرات بول لا تسبب خفض البوتاسيوم تسمى "مدرات البول الموفرة للبوتاسيوم". ومن الأمثل على هذه الأدوية: سبيرونولاكتون (ألداكتون) وإيبليرينون (إنسبرا) وتريامتيرين (ديارينيوم).

قد يشمل علاج انخفاض مستوى البوتاسيوم ما يلي:

  • التحول إلى مدرات البول الموفرة للبوتاسيوم
  • زيادة مستوى البوتاسيوم في وجباتك الغذائية
  • تناوُل المكملات المحتوية على البوتاسيوم

بعض الأدوية المستخدمة لعلاج ارتفاع ضغط الدم قد تزيد أيضًا من مستوى البوتاسيوم. وتشمل مثبطات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين (ACE)، وحاصرات مستقبلات الأنجيوتنسين 2‏ (ARBs)، ومثبطات الرينين.

إذا كنت تتناول مثبطات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين مع مدر للبول وتحصل على ما يكفي من البوتاسيوم في نظامك الغذائي ولكن مستوى البوتاسيوم لديك لايزال منخفضًا، قد يوصي طبيبك بإجراء المزيد من الفحوصات للمساعدة في تحديد السبب الكامن.

21/04/2020 See more Expert Answers

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