Overview By Mayo Clinic Staff Print Chronic exertional compartment syndrome is an exercise-induced muscle and nerve condition that causes pain, swelling and sometimes disability in the affected muscles of your legs or arms. Anyone can develop the condition, but it's more common in athletes who participate in activities that involve repetitive impact, such as running. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome may respond to non-operative treatment and activity modification. If non-operative treatment doesn't help, your doctor might recommend surgery. Surgery is successful for many people, and might allow you to return to your sport. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Symptoms & causes Feb. 12, 2016 Print Share on: FacebookTwitter References Meehan WP. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome. www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Dec. 3, 2015. George CA, et al. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome. Clinics in Sports Medicine. 2012;31:307. Compartment syndrome. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00204. Accessed Dec. 3, 2015. Rajasekaran S, et al. Exertional leg pain. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. 2016;27:91. Ringler MD, et al. MRI accurately detects chronic exertional compartment syndrome: A validation study. Skeletal Radiology. 2013;42:385. RelatedX-rayCT scanUltrasoundNumbnessFoot drop Chronic exertional compartment syndromeOverviewSymptoms & causesDiagnosis & treatmentDiagnosisTreatmentPreparing for your appointmentSelf-managementMore aboutIn-DepthMultimediaResources Advertisement Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Advertising & Sponsorship Policy Opportunities Ad Choices Mayo Clinic Store Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic. The Mayo Clinic Diet BookMedical News From a Trusted SourceMayo Clinic on Healthy AgingA New Perspective on Alzheimer'sThe Mayo Clinic Diet Online Diagnosis & treatmentRequest an AppointmentDiagnosisTreatmentPreparing for your appointment CON-20155275 Patient Care & Health Information Diseases & Conditions Chronic exertional compartment syndrome