疼痛和抑郁症:这两者之间存在关联吗?

    疼痛和抑郁症之间有联系吗? 抑郁症会导致身体疼痛吗?

    疼痛和抑郁症密切相关。抑郁症会导致疼痛,同时疼痛又会导致抑郁症。有时疼痛和抑郁症会形成一个恶性循环,疼痛会加重抑郁症状,抑郁症又会加重痛觉。

    对许多人而言,抑郁症会导致无法解释的身体症状,如背痛或头痛。这种疼痛可能是抑郁症的第一个或唯一的症状。

    疼痛及其带来的问题会随着时间的推移击垮您,并影响您的情绪。慢性疼痛会导致一些问题,如睡眠困难和压力,进而导致抑郁症。

    由于工作或财务问题,或不能参加社会活动和兴趣爱好,丧失能力的疼痛会导致自尊心低下。

    抑郁症不只发生在受伤引发疼痛的患者身上。也常见于因健康问题(如糖尿病、癌症或心脏病)而出现疼痛的患者。

    为了控制疼痛和抑郁症状,您可能需要分别治疗。然而,一些治疗方法可能对两者都有帮助:

    • 抗抑郁药物可以缓解疼痛和抑郁症,因为这两种病症在大脑中具有共同的化学信使。
    • 谈话疗法,也叫心理咨询(心理疗法),可以有效治疗两种症状。
    • 减压技术、身体活动、运动、冥想、记日记、学习应对技巧和其他策略也可能有所帮助。
    • 疼痛康复项目,如妙佑医疗国际疼痛康复中心,通常会提供包括医学和精神病学方面的团队治疗。

    通过联合治疗来治疗共发的疼痛和抑郁症可能最为有效。

    如果您有疼痛和抑郁症,请在症状恶化之前进行治疗。您不必忍受这些痛苦。正确的治疗可以帮助您重新开始享受人生。

    1. Sheng J, et al. The link between depression and chronic pain: Neural mechanisms in the brain. Neural Plasticity. 2017; 19 June 2017. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2017/9724371/. Accessed Feb. 21, 2019.
    2. Hazeldine-Baker CE, et al. Understanding the link between feelings of mental defeat, self-efficacy and the experience of chronic pain. British Journal of Pain. 2018;12:87.
    3. Hermesdorf M, et al. Pain sensitivity in patients with major depression: Differential effect of pain sensitivity measures, somatic cofactors, and disease characteristic. Journal of Pain. 2016;17:606.
    4. Chronic illness and mental health: Recognizing and treating depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/chronic-illness-mental-health/index.shtml. Accessed Feb. 21, 2019.
    5. IsHak WW, et al. Pain and depression: A systematic review. Harvard Review of Psychiatry. 2018;26:352.
    6. Thompson EL, et al. A network analysis of the links between chronic pain symptoms and affective disorder symptoms. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. In press. Accessed Feb. 22, 2019.
    7. Pain: Hope through research. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Pain-Hope-Through-Research. Accessed Feb. 25, 2019.
    8. Jaracz J, et al. Unexplained painful physical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder: Prevalence, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs. 2016;30:293.
    9. Medical review (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. March 24, 2019.

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