نخر الأسنان وتسوسها

16 سبتمبر 2026
  1. Caries. Merck Manual Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dental-disorders/common-dental-disorders/caries. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  2. Dental caries in primary teeth. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/publications/OHSR-2019-dental-caries-primary-teeth.html. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  3. Water fluoridation basics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/basics/index.htm. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  4. Dental amalgam fillings. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/dental-devices/dental-amalgam-fillings. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  5. Dental sealants. https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/fast-facts/dental-sealants/index.html. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  6. Tooth decay. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tooth-decay. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  7. Root canals. American Dental Association. https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/root-canals/. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.
  8. Cavities. American Dental Association. https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/cavities/. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.
  9. Eating disorders. American Dental Association. https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/eating-disorders. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  10. AskMayoExpert. Dental caries (adult). Mayo Clinic; 2023.
  11. Dry mouth. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/dry-mouth. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  12. Nutrition: What you eat affects your teeth. American Dental Association. http://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/nutrition/food-tips. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.
  13. O'Connor FG, et al. Oral and systemic health. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 6, 2023.
  14. Salli K, et al. Xylitol's health benefits beyond dental health: A comprehensive review. Nutrients. 2019; doi:10.3390/nu11081813.
  15. Medical review (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Nov. 17, 2023.
  16. Dental erosion. American Dental Association. https://www.ada.org/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics/dental-erosion. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.
  17. Mouthrinse (mouthwash). American Dental Association. https://www.ada.org/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics/mouthrinse-mouthwash. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.