Autonomic neuropathy. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/nerve-damage-diabetic-neuropathies/autonomic-neuropathy. Accessed June 15, 2022.
Gibbons CH. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed June 15, 2022.
Overview of the autonomic nervous system. Merck Manual Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/autonomic-nervous-system/overview-of-the-autonomic-nervous-system. Accessed June 15, 2022.
Brock C, et al. Assessment of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal autonomic complications of diabetes. World Journal of Diabetes. 2016; doi:10.4239/wjd.v7.i16.321.
Autonomic neuropathy. American Diabetes Association. https://diabetes.org/diabetes/neuropathy/autonomic-neuropathy. Accessed June 15, 2022.
Autonomic neuropathies. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/autonomic-nervous-system/autonomic-neuropathies. Accessed June 15, 2022.
Loscalzo J, et al., eds. Diabetes mellitus: Complications. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 21st ed. McGraw Hill; 2022. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed June 16, 2022.
Jankovic J, et al., eds. Disorders of the autonomic nervous system. In: Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed June 16, 2022.
Effectiveness checker. Natural Medicines. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. Accessed June 17, 2022.
Acupuncture. Natural Medicines. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. Accessed June 17, 2022.
Treatment for erectile dysfunction. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/erectile-dysfunction/treatment. Accessed June 16, 2022.
Medical review (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. June 20, 2022.