Hemorragia subaracnoidea

Solicite una Consulta
Imprimir

Descripción general

La hemorragia subaracnoidea es el sangrado en el espacio entre el cerebro y la membrana que lo rodea (espacio subaracnoideo). El síntoma principal es el dolor de cabeza intenso y repentino. Algunas personas lo describen como el peor dolor de cabeza que hayan sentido. Además de tener un dolor de cabeza, algunas personas pueden experimentar:

  • Náuseas
  • Vómitos
  • Rigidez en el cuello
  • Problemas de la vista
  • Pérdida del conocimiento breve

El sangrado generalmente ocurre al romperse un bulto anormal en un vaso sanguíneo (aneurisma) en el cerebro. Algunas veces, el sangrado puede ser causado por un traumatismo, una maraña de vasos sanguíneos en el cerebro (malformación arteriovenosa) u otros problemas de salud o en los vasos sanguíneos.

Si no se trata, una hemorragia subaracnoidea puede causar un daño cerebral permanente o la muerte.

Escrito por el personal de Mayo Clinic

Hemorragia subaracnoidea - atención en Mayo Clinic

Solicite una consulta
Diagnóstico y tratamiento
Aug. 31, 2022
Imprimir
  1. Winn HR. Perioperative management of subarachnoid hemorrhage. In: Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  2. Connolly ES, et al. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A guideline for the healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012; doi: 10.1161/str.0b013e3182587839
  3. Siddiq F. Nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  4. Ferri FF. Subarachnoid hemorrhage. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2022. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  5. Singer RJ, et al. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  6. Dubosh NM, et al. Diagnosis and initial emergency department management of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Emergency Medical Clinics of North America. 2021; doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2020.09.005
  7. Chakraborty T, et al. CT-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage in the first six hours. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2020; doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105300
  8. Singer RJ, et al. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 6, 2022
  9. Torregrossa F, et al. Therapeutic approaches for cerebrovascular dysfunction after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: An update and future perspectives. World Neurosurgery. 2022; doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.11.096
  10. Singer RJ, et al. Treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  11. Tawk, RG, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2021; doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.01.005
  12. Daroff RB, et al. Intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage. In: Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 6, 2022.
  13. Singer RJ, et al. Treatment of cerebral aneurysms. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 5, 2022.
  14. Youssef PP, et al. Woven endobridge(WEB) device in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms. Journal of Interventional Surgery. 2021; doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016405
  15. Gupta R, et al. Primary results of the Vesalio NeVa VS for the treatment of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm following aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage (vital) study. Journal of Interventional Surgery.2021; doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg.2021.017859
  16. Guerra H, et al. The first CT in a subarachnoid hemorrhage: A picture tells a story. Practical Neurology. 2017; doi: 10.1136/practneurol-207-001639
  17. Kramer CL, et al. Refining the association of fever with functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocritical Care. 2017; doi: 10.1007/s12028-0160281-7
  18. Rinaldo L, et al. Transfer to high-volume centers associated with reduced mortality after endovascular treatment of acute stroke. Stroke. 2017; doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.116360
  19. Pegoli M, et al. Predictors of excellent functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2015; doi: 10.3171/2014.10jns14290
  20. Nguyen HT. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. April 22, 2022.
  21. Rabinstein AA (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. July 1, 2022.

Relacionado

Noticias de Mayo Clinic

Productos y servicios

Hemorragia subaracnoidea

Advertisement

Mayo Clinic no respalda compañías ni productos. Las recaudaciones de los avisos comerciales financian nuestra misión sin fines de lucro.

Avisos comerciales y patrocinio

Prensa de Mayo Clinic

Consulta estos éxitos de venta y ofertas especiales en libros y boletines informativos de Mayo Clinic Press.