打印 概述视神经脊髓炎(NMO)是一种中枢神经系统失调,造成眼神经和脊髓发炎。 NMO 也称为视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍(NMOSD)或德维克氏病。当身体的免疫系统对自己的细胞发生反应时,就会发生这种情况。其主要发生在连接眼睛视网膜和大脑的视神经,以及脊髓中。但有时也会发生在脑内。 这种疾病可能在感染后出现,或者可能与另一种自身免疫病有关。不规则抗体与中枢神经系统中的蛋白质结合并造成损害。 视神经脊髓炎常被误诊为多发性硬化症(MS)或被认为是 MS 的一种,但其实 NMO 是一种不同的状况。 视神经脊髓炎可导致单眼或双眼失明、腿部或手臂无力或瘫痪、疼痛性痉挛、感觉丧失、不受控制的呕吐和打嗝,以及脊髓损伤引起的膀胱或肠功能障碍。儿童患者可能出现意识模糊、癫痫发作或昏迷。 复发很常见。防止反复发作是避免失能的关键。视神经脊髓炎的急性发作或许可逆,但严重时可能导致永久性的视力丧失和行走问题。产品与服务书籍:《妙佑医疗国际改善视力指南》 来自妙佑医疗国际员工 在 Mayo Clinic 治疗 申请预约 诊断与治疗 Nov. 23, 2022 打印 显示参考文献 Wingerchuk DM, et al. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022; doi:10.1056/NEJMra1904655. Daroff RB, et al. Multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. In: Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2016. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 25, 2022. Yanoff M, et al., eds. Inflammatory optic neuropathies and neuroretinitis. In: Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Elsevier; 2019. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 25, 2022. Glisson CC. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 25, 2022. Symptoms and diagnosis of NMO. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/Related-Conditions/Neuromyelitis-Optica-(NMO)/Symptoms-and-Diagnosis. Accessed Aug. 25, 2022. Wingerchuk DM, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 2015; doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001729. Nimmagadda R. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. July 6, 2022. Costello F. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.). 2022; doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001168. Jarius S, et al. Neuromyelitis optica. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2020; doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0214-9. Held F, et al. Drug treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: Out with the old, in with the new? ImmunoTargets and Therapy. 2021; doi:10.2147/lTT.S287652. Lennon VA, et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: Distinction from multiple sclerosis. The Lancet. 2004; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17551-X. Tahara M, et al. Safety and efficacy of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (RIN-1 study): A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet Neurology. 2020; doi:10.1016/S14744422(20)30066-1. Pittock SJ, et al. Eculizumab in aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. New England Journal of Medicine. 2019; doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1900866. Yamamura T, et al. Trial of satralizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. New England Journal of Medicine. 2019; doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1901747. Traboulsee A, et al. Safety and efficacy of satralizumab monotherapy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. The Lancet Neurology. 2020; doi:10.1016/S14744422(20)30078-8. Cree BAC, et al. Inebilizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (N-Momentum): A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial. The Lancet. 2019; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31817-3. 相关 相关医疗程序 磁共振成像 腰椎穿刺(脊椎穿剌) 产品与服务 书籍:《妙佑医疗国际改善视力指南》 视神经脊髓炎症状与病因诊断与治疗医生与科室在 Mayo Clinic 治疗 Advertisement 妙佑医疗国际不为任何公司或产品背书。广告收入为我们的非营利使命提供支持。 广告与赞助政策 政策 机会 广告选择 妙佑医疗国际出版社 浏览妙佑医疗国际出版社提供的畅销书以及书籍和简报的特别优惠。 NEW: Listen to Health Matters Podcast - 妙佑医疗国际出版社NEW: Listen to Health Matters Podcast《妙佑医疗国际论失禁》(Mayo Clinic on Incontinence) - 妙佑医疗国际出版社《妙佑医疗国际论失禁》(Mayo Clinic on Incontinence)《糖尿病基本知识》 - 妙佑医疗国际出版社《糖尿病基本知识》妙佑医疗国际论平衡和听觉 - 妙佑医疗国际出版社妙佑医疗国际论平衡和听觉妙佑医疗国际免费饮食方案评估 - 妙佑医疗国际出版社妙佑医疗国际免费饮食方案评估妙佑医疗国际健康通讯 — 免费书籍 - 妙佑医疗国际出版社妙佑医疗国际健康通讯 — 免费书籍 CON-20375644 患者护理和健康信息 疾病与状况 视神经脊髓炎