概述

淋巴结炎系是指淋巴结发炎。病变累及连接肠道和腹壁的薄膜(肠系膜)中的淋巴结时,可叫做肠系膜淋巴结炎。

病毒性肠道感染通常是引起肠系膜淋巴结炎的常见原因,也称为肠系膜腺炎。主要影响儿童和青少年。

这种疼痛症状与阑尾炎或一段肠管套入与其相连的肠腔内(肠套叠)相似。与阑尾炎或肠套叠不同,肠系膜淋巴结炎很少出现较严重的症状,通常会自行消退。

症状

肠系膜淋巴结炎的可能体征和症状包括:

  • 腹痛,经常集中于右下侧,但是这种疼痛波及区域可能更广
  • 一般的腹部压痛
  • 发热
  • 肠系膜淋巴结肿大

根据于具体的病因,体征和症状也可能还包括:

  • 腹泻
  • 恶心和呕吐

何时就诊

儿童和青少年常见腹痛,可能很难确定何时需要就医。

如果您的孩子出现下列症状,请立即联系医生:

  • 突发的重度腹痛
  • 腹痛伴发热
  • 腹痛伴腹泻或呕吐

此外,如果您的孩子出现下列体征和症状并且在短时间内没有好转,请联系医生:

  • 腹痛伴排便习惯改变
  • 腹痛伴食欲降低
  • 腹痛影响睡眠

病因

肠系膜淋巴结炎最常见的病因是病毒感染(例如肠胃炎),往往叫做胃肠型流感。这种感染会导致肠道与腹壁背面相连的薄组织(肠系膜)中的淋巴结发炎。

肠系膜淋巴结炎的其他病因包括细菌感染、炎性肠病和淋巴瘤。

May 20, 2021
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