Diagnosis

To diagnose hammertoe or mallet toe, a healthcare professional inspects the foot. X-rays can help show the bones and joints of the feet and toes. But they're not always needed.

Treatment

For toes that can still be straightened, roomier footwear and shoe inserts, called orthotics, or shoe pads might give relief. Inserts, pads or taping can move the toe and ease pressure and pain.

Also, your healthcare professional might suggest exercises to stretch and strengthen toe muscles. These might include using toes to pick up marbles or scrunch a towel.

If these treatments don't help, your healthcare professional might suggest surgery. The surgery can release the tendon that's keeping the toe curled up. Sometimes, the surgeon also removes a piece of bone to straighten the toe.

Lifestyle and home remedies

Good footwear can ease foot pain. Wear low-heeled shoes with a big toe box made of material that has some give to it. Make sure there's a half-inch (1.27 centimeters) of space between your longest toe and the inside tip of the shoe. Having enough space for your toes can help relieve pressure and pain.

Preparing for your appointment

If you're having a problem with your feet, you'll likely start by seeing your primary health professional. Or you may be referred to a foot specialist, either a podiatrist or an orthopedist.

What you can do

Before your appointment, make a list of:

  • Your symptoms, including any that seem not related to your foot condition, and when they began.
  • Key personal information, including injuries to your toes.
  • All medicines, vitamins or other supplements you take, including doses.
  • Questions to ask your healthcare team.

For hammertoe or mallet toe, some basic questions to ask your care team include:

  • What's likely causing my foot condition?
  • What are other possible causes?
  • What tests do I need?
  • Am I likely to have this condition over time?
  • What's the best course of action?
  • Am I a candidate for surgery? Why?
  • Are there restrictions I need to follow?
  • Should I see a specialist?
  • Are there brochures or other printed material I can have? What websites do you recommend?

Don't hesitate to ask other questions.

What to expect from your doctor

Your healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, such as:

  • How much pain are your feet or toes causing you?
  • Where is the pain exactly?
  • What, if anything, seems to improve your symptoms?
  • What, if anything, appears to worsen your symptoms?
  • What type of shoes do you usually wear?
By Mayo Clinic Staff