Angina

By Mayo Clinic Staff
Sept. 11, 2026
  1. Bonow RO, et al., eds. Stable ischemic heart disease. In: Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12th ed. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  2. Goldman L, et al., eds. Angina pectoris and chronic ischemic heart disease. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Elsevier; 2024. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  3. Fuster V, et al., eds. Chronic coronary syndromes. In: Fuster and Hurst's the Heart. 15th ed. McGraw Hill; 2022. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed Dec. 28, 2025.
  4. Angina in women can be different from men. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/angina-chest-pain/angina-in-women-can-be-different-than-men. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  5. Heart attack symptoms in women. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/warning-signs-of-a-heart-attack/heart-attack-symptoms-in-women. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  6. AskMayoExpert. Stable ischemic heart disease. Mayo Clinic; 2025.
  7. Simons M, et al, eds. New therapies for angina pectoris. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  8. Medical review (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Jan. 6, 2026.
  9. Ferri FF. Angina pectoris. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2026. Elsevier; 2026. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  10. Angina (chest pain). American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/angina-chest-pain. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  11. Stable angina. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/angina-chest-pain. Accessed Dec. 28, 2025.
  12. Angina pectoris. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/coronary-artery-disease/angina-pectoris. Accessed Nov. 17, 2025.
  13. Health risks of secondhand smoke. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/healthy/stay-away-from-tobacco/health-risks-of-tobacco/secondhand-smoke.html. Accessed Dec. 24, 2025.
  14. First aid: Heart attack. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-heart-attack/basics/art-20056679. Accessed Dec. 24, 2025.