压力是对生活中积极或消极处境的正常心理和生理反应,如开始新工作或亲人去世。压力本身并无不正常或不好。如何应对压力才是最重要的。
如果您难以适应压力变化并发现难以从事日常活动的时间已经超出了简短时期,您可能已经出现了适应障碍。适应障碍是一种与压力相关的心理疾病,可能影响您的情绪、思维和行为。
适应障碍的体征和症状可能包括:
- 焦虑
- 学业或工作表现差
- 出现人际关系问题
- 忧伤
- 想自杀
- 担心
- 睡眠困难
如果您在生活中面临压力,可以尝试一些自助方法,比如和关心您的家人或朋友聊聊天、练习瑜伽或冥想、经常锻炼、避免饮酒和吸毒,以及减少您的待办事项。如果这些措施没有帮助,并且您感觉仍然难以应对压力,请咨询您的医生。
June 25, 2022
- Trauma- and stressor-related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. http://www.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Dec. 21, 2018.
- Five tips to manage stress. American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/helpcenter/manage-stress.aspx. Accessed Dec. 21, 2018.
- Managing stress. National Alliance on Mental Illness. https://www.nami.org/find-support/living-with-a-mental-health-condition/managing-stress. Accessed Dec. 21, 2018.
- Zelviene P, et al. Adjustment disorder: Current perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2018;14:375.
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