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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><merged xmlns:dita-ot="http://dita-ot.sourceforge.net/ns/201007/dita-ot" id="GUID-81353fa3-be96-4a44-bf53-b0c42c1576f4-en" xml:lang="zh" xtrf="file:/mnt/crx/author/crx-quickstart/profiles/ditamaps/ditamap747249152367024409/hecs-ccms/zh_cn/HIL/conditions/v-z/vasovagal-syncope/vasovagal-syncope.ditamap"> <displayTitle>血管迷走性晕厥</displayTitle> <featureTitle/> <listTitle/> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Overview" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:SAHxbVwe6MAboi5H79q8MG:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>overview vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-overview">概述</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <p product="mayoclinic.org"> <xref href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/about-this-site/meet-our-medical-editors" keyref="attrib-mayo-clinic-staff-link" scope="external">来自妙佑医疗国际员工</xref> </p> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>发生血管迷走性晕厥是因为身体对特定诱因做出过度反应而昏厥。这些诱因可能包括看到血或极端情绪困扰。血管迷走性晕厥也称为神经心源性晕厥。</p> <p>血管迷走性晕厥的诱因使您的心率和血压骤降。这令流向您大脑的血液减少，从而导致您短暂失去意识。</p> <p>血管迷走性晕厥通常无害也无需治疗。但您可能在发生血管迷走性晕厥时受伤。医疗护理专业人员可能会建议您接受检查以排除其他会造成昏厥的更严重原因，如心脏疾病。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Symptoms" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:eMvRVVPnLeaX3o6UJTGdV:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>symptoms vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-symptoms">症状</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>在由于血管迷走性晕厥而晕倒前，您可能出现以下部分症状：</p> <ul> <li>肤色改变。</li> <li>头重脚轻。</li> <li>管状视野，即视野变窄，因此只能看到眼前的东西。</li> <li>胃部不适。</li> <li>感觉发热。</li> <li>出湿冷汗。</li> <li>视力模糊。</li> </ul> <p>在血管迷走性晕厥发作期间，您身边的人可能发现您：</p> <ul> <li>抽搐。</li> <li>脉搏变慢、变弱。</li> <li>瞳孔扩大。</li> </ul> <p>血管迷走性晕厥发作后，一般在 1 分钟内恢复。但是，如果您在昏厥后很快站起来（约 15 - 30 分钟内），可能会再次昏倒。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/WhenToSeekCare" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:LKVxnD2akAxPGdchBYRSrk:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>When to see a doctor vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-when-to-see-doctor">何时就医</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <p>昏厥可能是心脏或脑部疾病等更严重疾病的体征。您在发生昏厥事件后您可能要咨询医疗护理专业人员，特别是在您以前从未发生昏厥的情况下。</p> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Causes" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:BLc5b2JbZZmmexNV7U7Qdt:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>causes vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-causes">病因</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>如果神经系统中调节心率和血压的部分对诱发因素反应过度，就会发生血管迷走性晕厥。常见诱因包括：</p> <ul> <li>长时间站立。</li> <li>暴露于高温。</li> <li>看到血。</li> <li>抽血。</li> <li>恐惧人身伤害。</li> <li>用力，比如用力排便。</li> </ul> <p>血管迷走性晕厥会在没有诱发因素的情况下发生。</p> <p>在血管迷走性晕厥发作期间，心率变慢，腿部血管扩张。导致血液积聚在腿部，使血压下降。血压下降和心率减慢会使流向大脑的血液迅速减少，导致昏厥。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/RiskFactors" policy="" reviewedOn="" workId="did:mcid:94JPLGHEytUykLUUFVyp2g:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>risk factors vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-risk-factors">风险因素</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>以下可能是血管迷走性晕厥高危人群：</p> <ul> <li>儿童和年轻人（尽管血管迷走性晕厥会在任何年龄发生）。</li> <li>久站人群。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Prevention" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:CJcQv6GsXFD1epvjFRkZom:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>prevention vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-prevention">预防</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>您并非总能避免血管迷走性晕厥发作。如果您感觉自己快要晕倒，请躺下，然后抬起双腿。这样可通过重力使血液持续流向脑部。如果无法躺下，请坐下，然后将头夹在膝盖之间，直到感觉好转为止。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Diagnosis" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:2Pc5cezbuYPM3pGfnWG5Hv:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>diagnosis vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-diagnosis">诊断</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>血管迷走性晕厥的诊断通常从体格检查开始。在体格检查期间，医疗护理专业人员会听诊您的心脏并为您量血压。医疗护理专业人员可能还会按摩您颈部的主动脉，以确定是否是它们导致您昏厥。</p> <p>医疗护理专业人员可能还会建议您进行若干检查以排除昏厥的其他可能原因，尤其是心脏相关疾病。这些检查可能包括：</p> <ul> <li> <b>心电图。</b> 这项检查会记录心脏产生的电信号，可以检测心律不齐和其他心脏疾病。您可能需要佩戴便携式监护仪，少则一天，多则一月。</li> <li> <b>超声心动图。</b> 这项检查使用超声成像来观察心脏，了解是否存在可能导致昏厥的病症，例如瓣膜问题。</li> <li> <b>运动负荷试验。</b> 这项检查可监测运动时的心律，通常在您行走或在跑步机上慢跑时进行。</li> <li> <b>血液检测。</b> 医疗护理专业人员会检查是否存在可能引起或加重昏厥的疾病，例如贫血。</li> <li> <b>倾斜台试验。</b> 如果您的昏厥并非由心脏疾病引发，医疗护理专业人员可能会建议您进行倾斜台试验。在试验期间，您需要平躺在检查床上，检查床会改变位置，使您的身体以各种角度向上倾斜。技术人员会监测您在试验期间的心律和血压，以查看体位变化是否会影响心律和血压。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Treatment" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:37o7C45GQqvLaCumpE99YJ:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>treatment vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-treatment">治疗</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>大多数出现血管迷走性晕厥的人们不需要接受治疗。医疗护理专业人员可能会帮助您了解昏厥诱发因素，并讨论如何避免这些因素。</p> <p>如果血管迷走性晕厥影响生活质量，医疗护理专业人员可能会建议您尝试以下一种或多种疗法：</p> <ul> <li> <b>药物。</b> 有一种通常用来治疗低血压的药物，名为醋酸氟氢可的松，可能有助于预防血管迷走性晕厥。也可以使用选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂。</li> <li> <b>疗法。</b> 医疗护理专业人员可能会建议采用一些减少腿部血液淤积的方法。这些建议可能包括足部练习、穿压缩袜或站立时拉紧腿部肌肉。如果您通常没有高血压，您可能需要增加饮食中的盐分。避免长时间站立（尤其是在炎热、拥挤的地方）并饮用充足液体。</li> <li> <b>外科手术。</b> 极少数情况下，对于其他疗法无效的某些血管迷走性晕厥患者，植入电子起搏器以调节心跳会有帮助。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/AppointmentPreparation" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:TQ8PP2JbL451CrWrHveDQE:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>preparing for your appointment vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-prep-for-appt">就诊准备</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>为约诊做好准备有助于充分利用与医疗护理专业人员相处的时间。</p> </section> <section> <title>您能做些什么</title> <ul> <li> <b>写下症状的详细信息，</b>包括可能引起您晕倒的任何诱发因素。</li> <li> <b>列出您正在服用的所有药物、</b>维生素和补充剂。</li> <li> <b>写下需要咨询的问题</b>，包括与可能的检查和治疗相关的问题。</li> </ul> </section> <section> <title>医生可能会做些什么</title> <p>医疗护理专业人员可能询问的问题包括：</p> <ul> <li>在即将晕倒之前，您当时在做什么？</li> <li>在晕倒之前，您出现了哪些症状（如果有）？</li> <li>您以前晕倒过吗？ 如果晕倒过，在晕倒之前，您正在做什么？</li> <li>您最近有没有开始使用新药？</li> <li>您是否有过头部受伤？</li> <li>您家族中是否曾经有人因为心脏状况猝死？</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsReference contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/References" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-03-02T06:00:00.000-06:00" workId="did:mcid:JRCVi19wg4CLi8vABY5k2o:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>references vasovagal syncope</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-references">参考文献</titleSimple> </titlealts> <prolog> <footnotes> <fn>Halter JB, et al., eds. Syncope. In: Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. 7th ed. McGraw Hill; 2017. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed Dec. 11, 2020.</fn> <fn>Benditt D, et al. Reflex syncope in adults and adolescents: Clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 11, 2020.</fn> <fn>Benditt D, et al. Reflex syncope in adults and adolescents: Treatment. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 11, 2020.</fn> <fn>Goldman L, et al., eds. Approach to the patient with suspected arrhythmia. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 11, 2020.</fn> <fn>Syncope. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/symptoms-of-cardiovascular-disorders/syncope?query=syncope#. Accessed Nov. 1, 2024.</fn> <fn>Syncope (fainting). American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/symptoms-diagnosis--monitoring-of-arrhythmia/syncope-fainting. Accessed Nov. 1, 2024.</fn> <fn>Longo S, et al. Vasovagal syncope: An overview of pathophysiological mechanisms. 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