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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><merged xmlns:dita-ot="http://dita-ot.sourceforge.net/ns/201007/dita-ot" id="GUID-d79d88da-5d6f-4ad0-9e90-62f593a4e652-en" xml:lang="zh" xtrf="file:/mnt/crx/author/crx-quickstart/profiles/ditamaps/ditamap8647728211459199844/hecs-ccms/zh_cn/HIL/conditions/a-c/adult-still-disease/adult-still-disease.ditamap"> <displayTitle>成人斯蒂尔病</displayTitle> <featureTitle/> <listTitle/> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Overview" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:ER5hQpKmRtz9aygzWu7HGj:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>overview adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-overview">概述</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <p product="mayoclinic.org"> <xref href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/about-this-site/meet-our-medical-editors" keyref="attrib-mayo-clinic-staff-link" scope="external">来自妙佑医疗国际员工</xref> </p> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>成人斯蒂尔病是一种罕见的炎症性关节炎。常见症状为发热、皮疹和关节疼痛。该疾病可能在一些人中以单次发作的形式发生，然后消失。在其他人中，疾病不会消失，或者会消失但又复发。</p> <p>成人斯蒂尔病可能会损伤关节，尤其是腕部。治疗需要使用减轻疼痛和帮助控制疾病的药物。如果布洛芬（Advil、Motrin IB 等）等止痛药不足以缓解疼痛，通常使用泼尼松。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Symptoms" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:2hdv58PDsAdb1s9TYDB7Fg:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>symptoms adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-symptoms">症状</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>大多数成人斯蒂尔病患者会混合出现以下症状：</p> <ul> <li> <b>发热。</b> 发热可能会升高至至少 38.9 ºC（102 ºF）。发热可能会每天升高一至两次，连续一周或更久。</li> <li> <b>皮疹。</b> 皮疹可能会随发热时有时无。皮疹通常出现在躯干、手臂或腿部。</li> <li> <b>咽喉疼痛。</b> 这是成人斯蒂尔病的首发症状之一。颈部淋巴结可能会肿胀和触痛。</li> <li> <b>关节疼痛和肿胀。</b> 关节（尤其是膝关节和腕关节）可能会僵硬、疼痛和发炎。脚踝、手肘、手和肩膀也可能疼痛。关节不适通常持续至少两周。</li> <li> <b>肌肉疼痛。</b> 肌肉疼痛通常随发热时有时无。疼痛可能会严重到足以扰乱日常活动。</li> </ul> <p>该病的症状可能因人而异。其可能与其他状况（包括狼疮和一种称为淋巴瘤的癌症）的症状相似。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/WhenToSeekCare" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:PAqJJYETKMyxW97T7xkvcS:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>When to see a doctor adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-when-to-see-doctor">何时就医</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <p>如果出现高热、皮疹和关节疼痛，请联系医务人员。此外，如果您患有成人斯蒂尔病，并出现咳嗽、呼吸困难、胸部疼痛或任何其他异常症状，请致电医务人员。</p> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Causes" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:TZ9j2MiWWRySJ2APNbwjvK:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>causes adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-causes">病因</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>成人斯蒂尔病的病因尚不明确。有些研究人员怀疑该病可能由病毒或细菌性感染引起。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/RiskFactors" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:U7GzcjYzqvQoFgMVu1wa25:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>risk factors adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-risk-factors">风险因素</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>成人斯蒂尔病的主要风险因素是年龄。处于 15-25 岁和 36-46 岁之间的成人最有可能发病。男性和女性面临同样的风险。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Complications" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:3YHvaJzEvkxSXCiv22JQcT:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>complications adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-complications">并发症</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>成人斯蒂尔病会引起器官和关节发炎。该疾病的大多数并发症都是由这种炎症引起的。</p> <ul> <li> <b>关节损伤。</b> 成人斯蒂尔病引发的慢性肿胀和刺激会损伤关节。最常见的受累关节是膝盖和手腕。有时，包括颈部、足部、手指和髋关节在内的其他关节也会受到影响。</li> <li> <b>心脏发炎。</b> 成人斯蒂尔病可引起心脏的囊状覆盖物（称为心包）发炎。这会导致心包的炎症，称为心包炎。这种疾病还会引起心脏的肌肉部分（称为心肌）发炎。这会导致心肌的炎症，称为心肌炎。</li> <li> <b>肺部周围积液过多。</b> 炎症可能导致肺周围积液。发生这种情况时，很难进行深呼吸。</li> <li> <b>巨噬细胞活化综合征。</b> 这是成人斯蒂尔病一种罕见但严重的并发症。其发生在免疫系统过于活跃的情况下，可能损害心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等器官。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Diagnosis" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:8qk8XA2quZQQoNj5UdJ9QF:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>diagnosis adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-diagnosis">诊断</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>仅凭一项检查不能确诊成人斯蒂尔病。影像学检查可以显示这种疾病造成的损伤。血液检查则有助于排除其他具有类似症状的状况。</p> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/Treatment" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:FgzG5eEQG1hQeVs77X4fkn:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>treatment adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-treatment">治疗</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>多种药物可用于治疗成人斯蒂尔病。药物类型因症状严重程度和可能的副作用而异。</p> <ul> <li> <b>非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）。</b> 非甾体类抗炎药（NSAID），如布洛芬（Advil、Motrin IB 等）或萘普生钠（Aleve），可能有助于缓解轻度关节疼痛和发炎。也可以凭处方购买药效更强的 NSAID。NSAID 可能会损伤肝脏，因此可能需要定期进行血液检查以检查肝功能。</li> <li> <b>类固醇。</b> 大多数成人斯蒂尔病患者需要类固醇治疗，如泼尼松。这类强效药物可减轻炎症。这些药物可能降低身体的抗感染力，并增加患骨质疏松症和糖尿病的风险。</li> <li> <b>甲氨蝶呤。</b> 药物甲氨蝶呤（Trexall）通常与泼尼松联合使用。与甲氨蝶呤联合使用时，会降低泼尼松的剂量。</li> <li> <b>生物反应调节剂。</b> 如果其他药物无效，医务人员可能会建议使用生物反应调节剂。生物反应调节剂是可阻断导致发炎的蛋白质的药物。这类药物通常称为生物制剂。阿那白滞素（Kineret）、凯那奇尤单抗（Ilaris）和托珠单抗（Actemra）均为用于治疗成人斯蒂尔病的生物制剂。可能有助于治疗成人斯蒂尔病的其他生物制剂包括依那西普（Enbrel）、英夫利西单抗（Remicade）、阿达木单抗（Humira）和利妥昔单抗（Rituxan）。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/SelfCare" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:E5f8t8bjrVycP2dQQgmLtg:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>lifestyle and home remedies adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-lifestyle-and-home-remedies">自我护理</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>如果您患有成人斯蒂尔病，可通过以下方法尽可能地保障自身健康：</p> <ul> <li> <b>了解您的药物。</b> 即使您有些天没有症状，也务必按照医务人员的建议服药。控制炎症有助于降低并发症风险。</li> <li> <b>饮食补充剂。</b> 如果您正在服用高剂量的泼尼松，向医务人员咨询是否需要摄入更多钙和维生素 D 补充剂来帮助预防骨质疏松症。</li> <li> <b>坚持运动。</b> 虽然您可能因关节疼痛不想锻炼，仍建议所有类型的关节炎患者适当运动。运动可以帮助保持关节活动度，减轻疼痛和僵硬。</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsConcept contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/AppointmentPreparation" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:Q178E1nYedkfjeRHPs67Kb:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>preparing for your appointment adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-prep-for-appt">就诊准备</titleSimple> </titlealts> <conbody> <conbodydiv platform="richtext"> <section> <p>您很可能会向您的初级保健提供者寻求建议，但有可能被转诊到风湿病专家处。风湿病专家是专业从事关节疾病诊疗的医生。</p> <p>以下信息可以帮助您做好就诊准备。</p> </section> <section> <title>您能做些什么</title> <p>约诊时，询问是否需要提前做准备，例如某项特定检查前禁食。列出以下内容：</p> <ul> <li>您的症状，包括最开始出现的时间和发作频率。</li> <li>关键医疗信息<b>，</b>包括任何其他确诊健康状况。</li> <li>您使用的所有药物、维生素和补充剂以及剂量。</li> <li>要向医生咨询的问题。</li> </ul> <p>可能的话，请一位家人或朋友陪同，以帮助您记住获得的信息。</p> <p>关于成人斯蒂尔病，要向医生咨询的基本问题包括：</p> <ul> <li>我的症状可能由什么原因引起？</li> <li>还有其他可能的原因吗？</li> <li>我需要做哪些检查？</li> <li>我的状况可能是暂时性的还是长期性的？</li> <li>最佳治疗方案是什么？</li> <li>除了您建议的治疗方法以外，还有什么替代疗法吗？</li> <li>我还有一些其他健康状况。我怎样才能同时管理好这些状况？</li> <li>我需要遵守哪些限制规定？</li> <li>我应该去看专科医生吗？</li> <li>有没有我可以带走的手册或其它印刷资料？ 您推荐哪些网站？</li> </ul> <p>如果还有其他问题，请随时提出。</p> </section> <section> <title>医生会采取什么措施</title> <p>医务人员可能会问您一些问题，例如：</p> <ul> <li>您的症状是什么时候开始的？</li> <li>您的症状是时有时无，还是持续存在？</li> <li>您的症状最可能在什么时候发作？</li> <li>您尝试过哪些治疗方法或自我护理措施？</li> <li>是否有任何治疗方法或自我护理措施有效？</li> <li>您是否曾被诊断出任何其他医疗状况？</li> </ul> </section> </conbodydiv> </conbody> </hecsConcept> <hecsReference contentType="http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/References" policy="did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB" reviewedOn="2023-05-02T05:00:00.000-05:00" workId="did:mcid:H4cSQboePgBX3zKhZr4mmw:2026-10-09" xml:lang="zh"> <title>references adult still disease</title> <titlealts> <titleSimple keyref="titleSimple-references">参考文献</titleSimple> </titlealts> <prolog> <footnotes> <fn>Adult Still's disease. Arthritis Foundation. http://www.arthritis.org/about-arthritis/types/adult-onset-stills-disease/. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> <fn>Mandl LA, et al. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of adult Still's disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> <fn>Mandl LA, et al. Treatment of adult Still's disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> <fn>Adult-onset Still's disease. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/436/adult-onset-stills-disease. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> <fn>Exercise and arthritis. American College of Rheumatology. http://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Living-Well-with-Rheumatic-Disease/Exercise-and-Arthritis. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> <fn>Macovei LA, et al. Adult-onset Still's Disease: A complex disease, a challenging treatment. International Journal of Molecular Science. 2022; doi:10.3390/ijms232112810.</fn> <fn>Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Endocrine Society. https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/glucocorticoid-induced-osteoporosis. Accessed Feb. 10, 2023.</fn> </footnotes> </prolog> </hecsReference> <metadata> <hasPoCID>CON-20164392</hasPoCID> <primaryIdentifier>did:mcid:DvQJ5g6KpnTVwpPSbFx1xc:1.16</primaryIdentifier> <workId>did:mcid:DYLdeUouY3ueHZ5apGX1GP:2026-10-09</workId> <language>zh_cn</language> <publicationStatus>Done</publicationStatus> <issuedOn>2006-09-03T05:00:00.000-05:00</issuedOn> <reissuedOn>2026-08-29T00:00:00.000-05:00</reissuedOn> <mapPath>/content/dam/hecs-ccms/zh_cn/HIL/conditions/a-c/adult-still-disease/adult-still-disease.ditamap</mapPath> <manifestationID>did:mcid:BUy3zFBAcUY8TM3bYLtoAB:2026-10-13-0223</manifestationID> <seoDescription>了解这种炎症疾病的症状、并发症和治疗方法。</seoDescription> <seoUrlKeyword>adult-stills-disease</seoUrlKeyword> <policy>did:mcid:PDkv3FCzsA4FPiHVvT1zRc;did:mcid:7AmKpSty59qW9PRkXPDxNB</policy> <reviewedOn>2026-04-03T00:00:00.000-05:00</reviewedOn> <contentType>http://ontology.mayo.edu/ContentCategories/GeneralAudienceConditionGuide</contentType> <seoTitle/> <hideAppointmentButton>false</hideAppointmentButton> <hideThirdPartyAds>false</hideThirdPartyAds> <index>true</index> </metadata> </merged>