头晕的程度轻则可能是短暂昏厥，重则导致无法执行正常功能的严重平衡失调。在 65 岁以上成人中，多达 30% 者出现头晕。
头晕可能感觉像：
- 头重脚轻，好像可能昏倒
- 不稳定或失去平衡
- 您或周围环境正在旋转或移动的错觉（眩晕）
- 漂浮、游动或头重脚轻感
头晕往往是暂时出现，不作治疗就消失。当您与医生谈论您的状况时，设法描述您的具体症状、头晕在正出现时以及已过后让您如何感觉、什么东西触发头晕以及头晕持续多长时间。这将有助于医生诊断病因以及对症治疗。
头晕原因就像其症状那样繁多。它可能起因于某种简单事情比如晕车（您在急弯路上或过山车上出现的恶心感）。或可能由内耳障碍、感染、因动脉阻塞或心脏病导致的血流量减少、药物副作用、焦虑或其他状况引起。有时不能确定原因。
无任何其他症状下自行发生的头晕，尤其是眩晕，一般不太可能是卒中的迹象。
头晕的一些原因包括：
一般而言，如果您出现复发性、突发性、重度或持续性不明原因的头晕或眩晕，请就医。
如果您最新出现重度头晕或眩晕，并伴有以下任何一种情况，请立即就医：
- 突发剧烈头痛
- 胸部疼痛
- 呼吸困难
- 手臂、腿部麻木或麻痹
- 昏厥
- 复视
- 心跳加快或不规则
- 意识模糊或言语不清
- 蹒跚或行走困难
- 持续呕吐
- 癫痫发作
- 听力突然有变化
- 面部麻木或无力
在此期间，这些自我护理方法可能有帮助：
- 缓慢移动。当您从躺着的状态站起身时，动作要慢。许多人在快速站起身时会感到头晕。
- 饮用大量液体。保持充足的水分可以帮助预防或缓解多种类型的头晕。
- 避免咖啡因和烟草。这些物质可能限制血液流动，使症状恶化。
显示参考文献
- Walls RM, et al., eds. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Dizziness and vertigo. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-ear-problems/dizziness-and-vertigo. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Dizziness and motion sickness. American Academy of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery. https://www.entnet.org//content/dizziness-and-motion-sickness. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Flint PW, et al. Peripheral vestibular disorders. In: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.
- Bope ET, et al. Dizziness and vertigo. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2018. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 8, 2018.
- Branch WT, et al. Approach to the patient with dizziness. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Heat injury and heat exhaustion. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Muncie HL, et al. Dizziness: Approach to evaluation and management. American Family Physician. 2017;95:154.
- Moskowitz HS, et al. Meniere disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Migraine information page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Migraine-Information-Page. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Shepard NT (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. June 4, 2018.
- Rohren CH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. July 4, 2018.
- Important facts about falls. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/adultfalls.html. Accessed Aug. 5, 2018.
- Gleason A, et al., eds. Dizziness demographics and population health. In: Dizziness and Vertigo Across the Lifespan. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed June 25, 2018.
- Carbon monoxide poisoning FAQs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm. Accessed Oct. 8, 2020.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/symptoms/dizziness/basics/definition/sym-20050886