Pediatric Sleep Apnea

Risks

• Large tonsils and adenoids
  
• Obesity
  
• Craniofacial abnormalities such as a small chin or other underdeveloped facial structures
  
• Down syndrome
  
• Neuromuscular diseases
  
• Cerebral palsy
  
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (may cause swelling of the upper airway leading to blockages)
  
• Storage disorders like the mucopolysaccharidoses (a group of genetic disorders affecting metabolism)
  
• Sickle cell disease
  
• Pharyngeal flap operations to improve speech quality in children with cleft palates
  
• Family members with OSA