Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Treatment of Children

Pediatric physicians at Mayo Clinic work together to provide expert care for children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), using a multi-specialty approach to isolate and diagnose the disease and to provide ongoing treatment.

Obesity is the number one cause of chronic liver disease in the United States. Although a simple, fatty liver is usually a benign condition, physicians are seeing more cases of pediatric NAFLD. Excess fatty acids can cause a protein reaction that kills liver cells. NAFLD is also associated with diabetes, elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and hypertension.

Originally described as a disease of middle-aged, overweight women with diabetes, NAFLD is now a growing problem worldwide, affecting all age groups — including young children. Without intervention, this condition can progress to cirrhosis and even require liver transplant.

Diagnosis

Physicians in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology evaluate each child's condition, using a variety of tests, including serological testing, enzyme testing, ultrasounds, computed tomography (CT) scans, and liver biopsies. These tests are used to confirm the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, to determine the extent of liver damage (if any), and to pursue appropriate treatment programs.

Treatment Options

Treatment options for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are generally the same for children and adults.

Currently, the only way to treat early-stage NAFLD is through diet modification and an exercise plan. Once diet and exercise plans have been implemented, physicians monitor the disease's progression. If the amount of fat in the liver is not reduced, NAFLD can eventually cause scarring and inflammation. Surgical options may be considered for difficult cases.

Appointments

For appointments or more information, call the Central Appointment Office at (507) 538-3270 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Central time Monday through Thursday, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Friday.