Keratoconus

Overview

Mayo Clinic offers the latest technology for diagnosing keratoconus. All current treatment options are available, including scleral contact lenses and cornea transplants. Mayo ophthalmologists (eye doctors) who treat patients with keratoconus have extensive experience and special training in treatment of cornea diseases, in addition to general ophthalmology.

Topography image of the cornea

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Diagnosis

Keratoconus is diagnosed through a thorough eye exam, testing and digital mapping of the cornea with an instrument called a topographer. The ophthalmologist asks about symptoms, including blurry or distorted vision, increased sensitivity to light, eye irritation, and the presence of glare. Special equipment can precisely measure the shape, clarity and thickness of the cornea.

Treatment Options

Mayo Clinic offers all available treatment options for keratoconus. Treatment depends on the progression of the condition and may include regular, rigid and scleral contact lenses, and cornea transplants. Learn more about treatment options.

• Treatment in Arizona
• Treatment in Florida
• Treatment in Minnesota

About Keratoconus

Keratoconus is a slowly progressing condition that occurs when the thick, middle layer of the cornea thins and gradually bulges, creating a cone shape. The cornea is the transparent dome-shaped structure at the front of the eye that arcs over the pupil (the black circle in the middle) and the iris (the colored part of the eye).

The abnormal cornea shape blurs and distorts vision because the cornea no longer bends light normally. Mild vision problems can be corrected with eyeglasses. Moderate to severe cases of keratoconus may require specially fitted rigid contact lenses to improve vision. Severe keratoconus, which causes corneal scarring and swelling, may require a corneal transplant.

Keratoconus usually occurs in both eyes, but severity varies. The condition's cause is unknown. Research suggests that it may be hereditary. Generally, the condition is first detected in patients in their teens, 20s and 30s.