Frostbite: First aid

April 04, 2024

AskMayoExpert. Frostbite. Mayo Clinic; 2018.
Frostbite. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/winter/staysafe/frostbite.html. Accessed July 16, 2020.
Thompson DA. Frostbite. In: Adult Telephone Protocols: Office Version. 4th ed. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2019.
Frostbite. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries-poisoning/cold-injury/frostbite. Accessed July 16, 2020.
Walls RM, et al., eds. Hypothermia, frostbite and nonfreezing cold injuries. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 12, 2023.
Leikin JB, et al., eds. Frostbite. In: American Medical Association Handbook of First Aid and Emergency Care. Rev. ed. Random House; 2013.
Schmitt BD. Frostbite and cold exposure. In: Pediatric Telephone Protocols: Office Version. 17th ed. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2021.
Prevent hypothermia and frostbite. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/winter/staysafe/hypothermia.html. Accessed April 1, 2024.
Buttaravoli P, et al., eds. Frostnip, frostbite, and mild hypothermia. In: Minor Emergencies. 4th ed. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 12, 2022.

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