Fibrocystic Breasts

Diagnosis

A first step toward diagnosing painful fibrocystic breasts is a physician's in-depth interview with a patient. During the interview, the physician records details about the patient's symptoms, how long the pain has been going on, how intense it is, and where it is located. The doctor may also ask about other symptoms and about any medications the patient may be taking.

After taking a medical history, the physician will conduct a physical examination, with a particular focus on areas where the patient reports pain. Depending upon the patient's age and symptoms, the physician may order a biopsy or imaging studies such as a mammogram or ultrasound.

During a biopsy a sample of breast tissue is removed and then examined under a microscope to determine whether cancer cells are present.

A mammogram involves X-ray images of breast tissue — usually two images of each breast from different angles — to locate abnormalities in breast tissue.

Ultrasound involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create images that identify cysts or tumors. A technician places a wandlike device (transducer) on the surface of the breast and monitors the image on a screen.