- 1997
ResidentInternal Medicine, Programs in Rochester, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
- 1997
Resident - Internal MedicineMayo Graduate School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
- 1995
Fellow - Pulmonary MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan
- 1992
Resident - Senior Registrar, General & Chest MedicineWythenshawe Hospital
- 1988
Resident - Senior Registrar, General & Chest MedicineManchester Royal Infirmary & Wythenshawe Hospital
- 1987
Fellow - Pulmonary MedicinePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research
- 1984
MD - Internal MedicinePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research
- 1984
Resident - Internal MedicinePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research
- 1981
Resident - Internal MedicineSouthern Railway Hospital, Madras, India
- 1981
Internship - Internal Medicine, General Surgery, Obstetrics/Gynecology & Pediatrics, Community MedicineChristian Medical College
- 1979
MB BSChristian Medical College