Anemia

Iron Deficiency Anemia

(synonyms: IDA)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is very common. In the United States, about 20 percent of women and 3 percent of men have IDA at some point in their life. It is the most common cause of anemia among menstruating women. In addition, up to 50 percent of pregnant women are iron deficient. Without adequate iron, the human body cannot produce enough hemoglobin, a substance contained in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body tissues. Causes of iron deficiency anemia include: chronic blood loss due to ulcers; heavy menstruation; internal bleeding of any cause including colon cancer; malabsorption of iron due to gastric bypass surgery or other intestinal problems; and increased demands for iron such as those that can occur during pregnancy.

Treatment

Treatment for IDA is twofold. First, doctors work to identify the underlying cause of anemia and, if possible, to correct it. Then, doctors work to help patients replace the lost iron.

If physicians at Mayo Clinic suspect that the problem is larger than increased demand, such as in pregnancy or menstrual blood loss, more in-depth diagnostic tools may be needed. For example, an older male patient or a postmenopausal woman may need a colonoscopy, to look for a source of blood loss.

Iron Replacement

Basic treatment for IDA usually includes iron supplements as well as dietary changes. Mayo Clinic physicians may recommend a range of supplements, from an over-the-counter multivitamin that contains iron to prescription tablets. Raising iron levels in the body takes time (up to six months) and should be monitored carefully by a physician. Occasionally, iron injections may be necessary if the patient's condition does not improve with oral treatment.

Read more about iron deficiency anemia at
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