Ameloblastoma

Treatment

Patients see a collaborative team of experienced medical and surgical specialists who determine the best comprehensive treatment plan for each individual. Mayo's system of integrated care ensures that patients have access to experienced medical and surgical specialists needed for optimal treatment.

Mayo Clinic physicians recommend surgery for almost all ameloblastomas. Either an otorhinolaryngologist or an oral and maxillofacial surgeon usually performs the surgery. Before the operation, the doctor may use a small needle to collect a sample of tissue (biopsy) for examination to help determine whether the tumor contains benign or malignant cells. Most ameloblastomas are benign.

For some ameloblastomas, only surgical removal may be necessary. For others physicians may recommend a different or additional therapy. They may recommend radiation and/or chemotherapy:

• when the ameloblastoma cannot be completely removed
• when the ameloblastoma may return
• when the ameloblastoma is malignant
• when removing the ameloblastoma will create an unacceptable cosmetic appearance
• when removing the ameloblastoma will cause an unacceptable loss of function

Mayo Clinic radiation oncologists use state-of-the-art technologies, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to limit the radiation that can reach critical normal tissue in the eyes, optic nerves, brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. Such limits are particularly important when a cancer is located in the jaw.

When necessary, experienced plastic and reconstructive surgeons can help restore the function and appearance of the patient's jaw. Mayo Clinic dietitians, speech therapists, swallowing therapists, prosthodontists, physical therapists, and other rehabilitation specialists can help patients return to normal life.